1078 Hashing-PAT甲级

题目描述

The task of this problem is simple: insert a sequence of distinct positive integers into a hash table, and output the positions of the input numbers.  The hash function is defined to be "H(key) = key % TSize" where TSize is the maximum size of the hash table.  Quadratic probing (with positive increments only) is used to solve the collisions.
Note that the table size is better to be prime.  If the maximum size given by the user is not prime, you must re-define the table size to be the smallest prime number which is larger than the size given by the user.

 

输入描述:

Each input file contains one test case.  For each case, the first line contains two positive numbers: MSize (<=104) and N (<=MSize) which are the user-defined table size and the number of input numbers, respectively.  Then N distinct positive integers are given in the next line.  All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

 

输出描述:

For each test case, print the corresponding positions (index starts from 0) of the input numbers in one line.  All the numbers in a line are separated by a space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.  In case it is impossible to insert the number, print "-" instead.

 

输入例子:

4 4
10 6 4 15

 

 

输出例子:

0 1 4 -

题意分析
题目给定一个哈希表的长度和插入的元素，采用除留余数法作为哈希函数，使用平方探测法解决冲突，要求输出给定元素在哈希表中的插入位置。（平方探测法只需要求解正向的）

满分代码如下：

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAX_NUM=10010;
int prime[MAX_NUM];
int M,N;
int vst[MAX_NUM];
void is_prime(){
	memset(prime,1,sizeof(prime));
	prime[0]=0;
	prime[1]=0;
	for(int i=2;i*i<=MAX_NUM;i++){
		if(prime[i]){
			for(int j=i+i;j<MAX_NUM;j+=i){
				prime[j]=0;
			}
		}
	}
}
int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(0);
	cout.tie(0);
	memset(vst,0,sizeof(vst));
	is_prime();
	cin>>M>>N;
	while(!prime[M]){
		M++;
	}
	int x,flag=0;
	for(int i=1;i<=N;i++){
		cin>>x;
		if(i!=1) cout<<" ";
		if(!vst[x%M]){
			cout<<x%M;
			vst[x%M]=1;
		}else{
			flag=0;
			int k=1,temp;
			temp=x;
			x=temp+k*k;
			while(vst[x%M]){
				k++;
				if(k>M){
					flag=1;
					break;
				}
				x=temp+k*k;
			}
			if(flag) cout<<"-";
			else{
				cout<<x%M;
				vst[x%M]=1;
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}