绘制折线图

绘制某股票一周内收盘价的折线图：

1.导库

​
%matplotlib notebook 
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

​plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False

2.准备数据

x_data = np.arange(1,8,1)
y_data = [44.98, 45.02, 44.32, 41.05, 42.08, 42.08, 42.08] # 周末休市

3.创建画布和坐标系

fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes((0.2,0.2,  0.5,0.5))

4.绘制

ax.plot(x_data,y_data,
        'o-',
        ms=13.8,#可以控制数据点和折线的大小、粗细
        color='purple')

5.定制刻度

ax.xaxis.set_tick_params(direction='in', length=7, width=3)
ax.yaxis.set_tick_params(direction='in', length=7, width=3)
ax.set_xticks([1,2,3,4,5,6,7],['周一','周二','周三','周四','周五','周六','周日'], rotation=25)

6.设置轴标签

ax.set_xlabel('周日期', labelpad=15, size=15)
ax.set_ylabel('收盘价(￥)', rotation=0, labelpad=35, size=15)

7.隐藏上轴脊和右轴脊

ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')    

8.展示图标

plt.show()