SDN学习笔记（linux命令）

学命令的乐趣之：中英文对应

• su：Swith user  切换用户，切换到root用户
• cat: Concatenate  串联
• uname: Unix name  系统名称
• df: Disk free  空余硬盘
• du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率(系统会跑一会儿来计算)
• chown: Change owner 改变所有者
• chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
• ps：Process Status  进程状态
• tar：Tape archive 解压文件
• chmod: Change mode 改变模式
• umount: Unmount 卸载
• ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
• insmod：Install module 安装模块
• rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
• lsmod：List module 列表模块
• alias :Create your own name for a command
• bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell  linux内核 
• grep:global regular expression print
• httpd :Start Apache
• ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
• ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts(ICMP,比如说自己打了个网站，在服务器的安全组上，要增加ICMP，才能ping的通)
• reboot: Restart your computer
• sudo:Superuser do 

1. /bin = BINaries 
2. /dev = DEVices 
3. /etc = ETCetera 
4. /lib = LIBrary 
5. /proc = PROCesses 
6. /sbin = Superuser BINaries 
7. /tmp = TeMPorary 
8. /usr = Unix Shared Resources 
9. /var = VARiable ? 

• FIFO = First In, First Out 
• GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader 
• IFS = Internal Field Seperators 
• LILO = LInux LOader 
• MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language 
• PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor 
• PS = Prompt String 
• Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" 
• Python Monty Python's Flying Circus 
• Tcl = Tool Command Language 
• Tk = ToolKit 
• VT = Video Terminal 
• YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool 
• apache = "a patchy" server 
• apt = Advanced Packaging Tool 
• ar = archiver 
• as = assembler 
• bash = Bourne Again SHell 
• bc = Basic (Better) Calculator 
• bg = BackGround 
• cal = CALendar 
• cat = CATenate 
• cd = Change Directory 
• chgrp = CHange GRouP 
• chmod = CHange MODe 
• chown = CHange OWNer 
• chsh = CHange SHell 
• cmp = compare 
• cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture 
• comm = common 
• cp = CoPy 
• cpio = CoPy In and Out 
• cpp = C Pre Processor 
• cups = Common Unix Printing System 
• cvs = Current Version System 
• daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor 
• dc = Desk Calculator 
• dd = Disk Dump 
• df = Disk Free 
• diff = DIFFerence 
• dmesg = diagnostic message 
• du = Disk Usage 
• ed = editor 
• egrep = Extended GREP 
• elf = Extensible Linking Format 
• elm = ELectronic Mail 
• emacs = Editor MACroS 
• eval = EVALuate 
• ex = EXtended 
• exec = EXECute 
• fd = file descriptors 
• fg = ForeGround 
• fgrep = Fixed GREP 
• fmt = format 
• fsck = File System ChecK 
• fstab = FileSystem TABle 
• fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager 
• gawk = GNU AWK 
• gpg = GNU Privacy Guard 
• groff = GNU troff 
• hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer 
• joe = Joe's Own Editor 
• ksh = Korn SHell 
• lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder 
• lex = LEXical analyser 
• lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses 
• ln = LiNk （软链）
• lpr = Line PRint 
• ls = list 
• lsof = LiSt Open Files 
• m4 = Macro processor Version 4 
• man = MANual pages 
• mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK 
• mc = Midnight Commander 
• mkfs = MaKe FileSystem 
• mknod = MaKe NODe 
• motd = Message of The Day 
• mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa 
• mtab = Mount TABle 
• mv = MoVe 
• nano = Nano's ANOther editor 
• nawk = New AWK 
• nl = Number of Lines 
• nm = names 
• nohup = No HangUP 
• nroff = New ROFF 
• od = Octal Dump 
• passwd = PASSWorD 
• pg = pager 
• pico = PIne's message COmposition editor 
• pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm" 
• ping =  Packet InterNet Grouper 
• pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability 
• popd = POP Directory 
• pr = pre 
• printf = PRINT Formatted 
• ps = Processes Status 
• pty = pseudo tty 
• pushd = PUSH Directory 
• pwd = Print Working Directory 
• rc = runcom = run command, shell 
• rev = REVerse 
• rm = ReMove 
• rn = Read News 
• roff = RunOFF 
• rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager 
• rsh, rlogin, = Remote 
• rxvt = ouR XVT 
• sed = Stream EDitor 
• seq = SEQuence 
• shar = SHell ARchive 
• slrn = S-Lang rn 
• ssh = Secure SHell 
• ssl = Secure Sockets Layer 
• stty = Set TTY 
• su = Substitute User 
• svn = SubVersioN 
• tar = Tape ARchive 
• tcsh = TENEX C shell 
• telnet = TEminaL over Network 
• termcap = terminal capability 
• terminfo = terminal information 
• tr = traslate 
• troff = Typesetter new ROFF 
• tsort = Topological SORT 
• tty = TeleTypewriter 
• twm = Tom's Window Manager 
• tz = TimeZone 
• udev = Userspace DEV 
• ulimit = User's LIMIT 
• umask = User's MASK 
• uniq = UNIQue 
• vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient 
• vim = Vi IMproved 
• wall = write all 
• wc = Word Count 
• wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator 
• xargs = eXtended ARGuments 
• xdm = X Display Manager 
• xlfd = X Logical Font Description 
• xmms = X Multimedia System 
• xrdb = X Resources DataBase 
• xwd = X Window Dump 
• yacc = yet another compiler compiler