重温设计模式之状态模式

状态模式  State Pattern

允许对象在内部状态发生改变时改变它的行为，对象看起来好像修改了它的类。

在生产流水线上，每个岗位的工人完成自己的步骤后，产品状态发生变化，工人会交给下一环节处理。

如果用代码来描述一条披萨生产流水线，可以用状态模式。Pizza类为Context角色，它封装了客户端感兴趣的处理和查看状态接口，并将与状态相关的操作委托给当前状态对象(Cook)来处理。

UML图：

代码：

public class Pizza {

    private String process;
    private Cook cook;

    public Pizza() {
        this.process = "";
        this.cook = new CrustCook();
    }

    public void setCook(Cook cook) {
        this.cook = cook;
    }

    public void cooking() {
        this.cook.cooking(this);
    }

    public String getProcess() {
        return process;
    }

    public void setProcess(String process) {
        this.process = process;
    }
}

public abstract class Cook {
    public abstract void cooking(Pizza pizza);
}

public class CrustCook extends Cook {
    @Override
    public void cooking(Pizza pizza) {
        if (pizza.getProcess().equals("")) {
            pizza.setProcess("crust");
            System.out.println("制作面饼");
        } else {
            pizza.setCook(new IngredientsCook());
            pizza.cooking();
        }
    }
}

public class IngredientsCook extends Cook {
    @Override
    public void cooking(Pizza pizza) {
        if("crust".equals(pizza.getProcess())) {
            pizza.setProcess("crust,ingredients");
            System.out.println("加入馅料");
        } else {
            pizza.setCook(new SauceCook());
            pizza.cooking();
        }
    }
}

public class SauceCook extends Cook {
    @Override
    public void cooking(Pizza pizza) {
        if("crust,ingredients".equals(pizza.getProcess())) {
            pizza.setProcess("crust,ingredients,sauce");
            System.out.println("加入酱料");
        } else {
            pizza.setCook(new CheeseCook());
            pizza.cooking();
        }
    }
}

public class CheeseCook extends Cook {
    @Override
    public void cooking(Pizza pizza) {
        if("crust,ingredients,sauce".equals(pizza.getProcess())) {
            pizza.setProcess("crust,ingredients,sauce,cheese");
            System.out.println("加入芝士");
        } else {
            pizza.setCook(new BakeCook());
            pizza.cooking();
        }
    }
}

public class BakeCook extends Cook {
    @Override
    public void cooking(Pizza pizza) {
        if("crust,ingredients,sauce,cheese".equals(pizza.getProcess())) {
            System.out.println("制作完成");
        } else {
            System.out.println("制作失败");
        }
    }
}

客户端：

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pizza pizza = new Pizza();
        pizza.cooking();
        pizza.cooking();
        pizza.cooking();
        pizza.cooking();
        pizza.cooking();
    }
}