关于OutOfMemoryError问题,偶尔出现,还是得去解决一下,最近看到个不错的解决方式:
来自于:http://my.oschina.net/jeffzhao/blog/80900
常用一种解决方法:即将载入的图片缩小,这种方式以牺牲图片的质量为代价。在BitmapFactory中有一个内部类BitmapFactory.Options,其中当options.inSampleSize值>1时,根据文档:
If set to a value > 1, requests the decoder to subsample the original image, returning a smaller image to save memory. (1 -> decodes full size; 2 -> decodes 1/4th size; 4 -> decode 1/16th size). Because you rarely need to show and have full size bitmap images on your phone. For manipulations smaller sizes are usually enough.
options.inSampleSize是以2的指数的倒数被进行放缩
现在问题是怎么确定inSampleSize的值?每张图片的放缩大小的比例应该是不一样的!这样的话就要运行时动态确定。在BitmapFactory.Options中提供了另一个成员inJustDecodeBounds。
设置inJustDecodeBounds为true后,decodeFile并不分配空间,但可计算出原始图片的长度和宽度,即opts.width和opts.height。有了这两个参数,再通过一定的算法,即可得到一个恰当的inSampleSize。Android提供了一种动态计算的方法,见computeSampleSize().
01 | public static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, |
02 | int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) { |
03 | int initialSize = computeInitialSampleSize(options, minSideLength, |
07 | if (initialSize <= 8 ) { |
09 | while (roundedSize < initialSize) { |
13 | roundedSize = (initialSize + 7 ) / 8 * 8 ; |
19 | private static int computeInitialSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, |
20 | int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) { |
21 | double w = options.outWidth; |
22 | double h = options.outHeight; |
24 | int lowerBound = (maxNumOfPixels == - 1 ) ? 1 : |
25 | ( int ) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(w * h / maxNumOfPixels)); |
26 | int upperBound = (minSideLength == - 1 ) ? 128 : |
27 | ( int ) Math.min(Math.floor(w / minSideLength), |
28 | Math.floor(h / minSideLength)); |
30 | if (upperBound < lowerBound) { |
34 | if ((maxNumOfPixels == - 1 ) && |
35 | (minSideLength == - 1 )) { |
37 | } else if (minSideLength == - 1 ) { |
以上只做为参考,我们只要用这函数即可,opts.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(opts, -
1
,
128
*
128
);
要点:
1、用decodeFileDescriptor()来生成bimap比decodeFile()省内存
1 | FileInputStream is = = new FileInputStream(path); |
2 | bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(is.getFD(), null , opts); |
替换
1 | Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile, opts); |
2 | imageView.setImageBitmap(bmp); |
原因:
查看BitmapFactory的源码,对比一下两者的实现,可以发现decodeFile()最终是以流的方式生成bitmap
decodeFile源码:
01 | public static Bitmap decodeFile(String pathName, Options opts) { |
03 | InputStream stream = null ; |
05 | stream = new FileInputStream(pathName); |
06 | bm = decodeStream(stream, null , opts); |
07 | } catch (Exception e) { |
15 | } catch (IOException e) { |
decodeFileDescriptor的源码,可以找到native本地方法decodeFileDescriptor,通过底层生成bitmap
decodeFileDescriptor源码:
01 | public static Bitmap decodeFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd, Rect outPadding, Options opts) { |
02 | if (nativeIsSeekable(fd)) { |
03 | Bitmap bm = nativeDecodeFileDescriptor(fd, outPadding, opts); |
04 | if (bm == null && opts != null && opts.inBitmap != null ) { |
05 | throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Problem decoding into existing bitmap" ); |
07 | return finishDecode(bm, outPadding, opts); |
09 | FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fd); |
11 | return decodeStream(fis, outPadding, opts); |
15 | } catch (Throwable t) { } |
20 | private static native Bitmap nativeDecodeFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd,Rect padding, Options opts); |
2、当在android设备中载入较大图片资源时,可以创建一些临时空间,将载入的资源载入到临时空间中。
1 | opts.inTempStorage = new byte [ 16 * 1024 ]; |
完整代码:
01 | public static OutputStream decodeBitmap(String path) { |
03 | BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options(); |
04 | opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true ; |
05 | BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, opts); |
06 | opts.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(opts, - 1 , 1024 * 800 ); |
08 | opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false ; |
09 | opts.inPurgeable = true ; |
10 | opts.inInputShareable = true ; |
11 | opts.inDither = false ; |
12 | opts.inPurgeable = true ; |
13 | opts.inTempStorage = new byte [ 16 * 1024 ]; |
14 | FileInputStream is = null ; |
16 | InputStream ins = null ; |
17 | ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null ; |
19 | is = new FileInputStream(path); |
20 | bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(is.getFD(), null , opts); double scale = getScaling(opts.outWidth * opts.outHeight, 1024 * 600 ); |
21 | Bitmap bmp2 = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bmp, |
22 | ( int ) (opts.outWidth * scale), |
23 | ( int ) (opts.outHeight * scale), true ); |
25 | baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); |
26 | bmp2.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100 , baos); |
29 | } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { |
31 | } catch (IOException e) { |
38 | } catch (IOException e) { |
46 | private static double getScaling( int src, int des) { |
48 | * 目标尺寸÷原尺寸 sqrt开方,得出宽高百分比 |
50 | double scale = Math.sqrt(( double ) des / ( double ) src); |
==============================================================================================================
以上来自于转载:
接下来来点自己的这块写的代码:
/**
* 根据filename获取bitmap
*
* @param height
* @param width
*/
public static Bitmap getBitmapByName(String filename, int width, int height) {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
if (!hasSDcard()) {
return bitmap;
}
File file = new File(filename);
FileInputStream fs = null;
try {
fs = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
return bitmap;
}
try {
Bitmap bmp = null;
Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), opts);
// 计算图片缩放比例
final int minSideLength = Math.min(width, height);
opts.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(opts, minSideLength, width
* height);
opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
opts.inInputShareable = true;
opts.inPurgeable = true;
opts.inDither = false;
opts.inPurgeable = true;
opts.inTempStorage = new byte[16 * 1024];
// bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), opts);
if (fs != null) {
bmp = BitmapFactory
.decodeFileDescriptor(fs.getFD(), null, opts);
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bmp);
}
// ---将图片占有的内存资源释放
bmp = null;
//bmp.recycle();//这里的回收,在程序里有点问题
System.gc();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
Log.e("getbitmap ", "exception");
e.printStackTrace();
bitmap = null;
} finally {
if (fs != null) {
try {
fs.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return bitmap;
}
// --------------------------------------
/**
* 计算缩放的比例
*
* */
private static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
int initialSize = computeInitialSampleSize(options, minSideLength,
maxNumOfPixels);
int roundedSize;
if (initialSize <= 8) {
roundedSize = 1;
while (roundedSize < initialSize) {
roundedSize <<= 1;
}
} else {
roundedSize = (initialSize + 7) / 8 * 8;
}
return roundedSize;
}
private static int computeInitialSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
double w = options.outWidth;
double h = options.outHeight;
int lowerBound = (maxNumOfPixels == -1) ? 1 : (int) Math.ceil(Math
.sqrt(w * h / maxNumOfPixels));
int upperBound = (minSideLength == -1) ? 128 : (int) Math.min(
Math.floor(w / minSideLength), Math.floor(h / minSideLength));
if (upperBound < lowerBound) {
// return the larger one when there is no overlapping zone.
return lowerBound;
}
if ((maxNumOfPixels == -1) && (minSideLength == -1)) {
return 1;
} else if (minSideLength == -1) {
return lowerBound;
} else {
return upperBound;
}
}