外刊学习:《黑客帝国》的背后:20年了,它凭什么还是经典?

今日导读

1999 年 3 月,《黑客帝国》重新定义了科幻电影,并引发了人们对现实和虚拟世界的无限讨论。随后,《黑客帝国》系列电影的第二部、第三部也相继于 2003 的 5 月和 11 月上映,并接连在票房上大获成功。如今,距离《黑客帝国》的第一部电影上映已经过去 20 年,电影酷炫的特效、精彩的打斗场面和超前的概念在 20 年后的今天依旧显得十分新颖。是什么让电影《黑客帝国》在众多的科幻电影里鹤立鸡群,以至于 20 年过去我们依旧对它念念不忘?让我们来看一看《卫报》对它的评论。

新闻原文

The Matrix at 20: how the sci-fi gamechanger remains influential
The Guardian

The Matrix wasn’t about the internet per se — it takes place in a dystopian future, approximately 200 years from the present — but it understood where things were headed far better than any film did at the time. Back in 1999, the mind-expanding adventures of Neo, Trinity and Morpheus in a world ruled by machines felt more like a technical revolution than a cultural one, an ultra-stylish Hollywood thriller that wedded the balletic cool of Hong Kong action cinema with the stunning elasticity of CGI.

Yet objects tend to shift during flight, and in the year 2019, The Matrix has endured as both touchstone and Rorschach blot, a way for people of vastly different ideologies to make sense of the world around them. The effects are still a marvel, but the film’s ideas have taken root in a destabilized culture where conspiracy theories flourish and individuals are defining for themselves what is and isn’t real.

For a film of such immense scale and complexity, The Matrix now seems remarkably hopeful about the future, which separates it from the technophobic films of the day. Neo may be shaken by learning the dystopia and falsehood of the world as he once understood it, but other paths open up where he can become fully himself, unbound by the dictation of others. The internet has helped make that positive transformation possible, and the Wachowskis, the film’s directors, saw it long before other film-makers did.

带着问题听讲解

如何理解词汇“per se”?

“阴谋论”用英语怎么说?

作者认为,《黑客帝国》相比同时期的电影来说,好在哪里?

新闻正文

The Matrix at 20: how the sci-fi gamechanger remains influential

《黑客帝国》20 年:这部改变游戏规则的科幻电影如何保持影响力?

The Matrix wasn’t about the internet per se — it takes place in a dystopian future, approximately 200 years from the present — but it understood where things were headed far better than any film did at the time. Back in 1999, the mind-expandingadventures of Neo, Trinity and Morpheus in a world ruled by machines felt more like a technical revolution than a cultural one, an ultra-stylish Hollywood thriller that wedded the balletic cool of Hong Kong action cinema with the stunning elasticity of CGI.

《黑客帝国》并不是关于互联网本身的——它的故事发生在离现在大约 200 年之后的反乌托邦未来世界中——但是在同一时期,《黑客帝国》对于许多事情发展方向的认识,远超其他任何电影。在 1999 年时,尼奥、崔妮蒂和墨菲斯在机器人统治的世界中,展开的这场迷幻的冒险,让人觉得更像是一场技术革命而非文化变革,这是一部特别新潮的好莱坞惊悚片,它将灵活到令人惊艳的电脑特效,和香港动作电影中行云流水的炫酷感完美地融合在了一起。

Yet objects tend to shift during flight, and in the year 2019, The Matrix has endured as both touchstone and Rorschach blot, a way for people of vastly different ideologies to make sense of the world around them. The effects are still a marvel, but the film’s ideas have taken root in a destabilized culture where conspiracy theories flourish and individuals are defining for themselves what is and isn’t real.

然而随着时间的流逝,事物是趋向变化的。到了 2019 年,《黑客帝国》作为试金石和罗夏墨迹经受住了岁月的洗礼,成为了意识形态差别极大的人们理解周围世界的一种方式。这种影响如今看来依旧是个奇迹,不过电影所要传达的概念已经深深扎根于一个动摇的文化之中,在这个文化里,阴谋论盛行,人们自行判断虚实。

For a film of such immense scale and complexity, The Matrix now seems remarkably hopeful about the future, which separates it from the technophobic films of the day. Neo may be shaken by learning the dystopia and falsehood of the world as he once understood it, but other paths open up where he can become fully himself, unbound by the dictation of others. The internet has helped make that positive transformation possible, and the Wachowskis, the film’s directors, saw it long before other film-makers did.

对于一部具有如此宏大规模和复杂性的电影来说,《黑客帝国》如今看起来对于未来异乎寻常地充满希望,这就将它和当时宣扬科技威胁的电影区分了开来。在了解到社会的反乌托邦本质和世界的虚假时,尼奥可能倍感震惊,但其他道路也出现在了他面前,在路途中他能成为完全的自己,不受外界的控制。互联网使得这种积极的巨变成为现实,而电影《黑客帝国》的导演沃卓斯基姐妹,比其他的电影制作人率先看到了这一点。

重点词汇

per se
/ˌpɜːr ˈseɪ/
adv. 本身;本质上
例句:The drug is not harmful per se, but is dangerous when taken with alcohol.

dystopian
/dɪsˈtoʊpiən/
adj. 反乌托邦的

mind-expanding
/ˈmaɪndɪkˌspændɪŋ/
adj. 致幻的,迷幻的

wed
/wed/
v. 结合(两种因素或性质)
搭配短语:sth. wed A with B
例句:The novel weds mystery with romance.

elasticity
/ɪˌlæˈstɪsəti/
n. 灵活性
词性拓展:elastic(n. 橡皮筋,松紧带;adj. 有弹性的)
elastic 搭配短语:an elastic interpretation

endure
/ɪnˈdʊr/
v. 持续,持久
英文释义:If something endures, it continues to exist without any loss in quality or importance.
例句:Our friendship endures.

touchstone
/ˈtʌtʃstoʊn/
n. 试金石;检验标准

Rorschach blot
罗夏墨迹

ideology
/ˌaɪdiˈɑːlədʒi/
n. 意识形态

marvel
/ˈmɑːrvl/
n. 不可思议的事或人;奇迹
例句:The Golden Gate Bridge is an engineering marvel.
例句:We marvel at the magnificent view of the nature. (v.)
派生词:marvellous(adj. 绝好的,极妙的)

conspiracy
/kənˈspɪrəsi/
n. 阴谋,密谋
词性拓展:conspire (v.)
conspire 例句:They conspired against him.

dictation
/dɪkˈteɪʃn/
n. 强令; 专断
词性拓展:dictate(v. 命令,下令)
英文释义:the giving of orders in a forceful and commanding way

补充词汇知识

The Matrix
电影《黑客帝国》

matrix
n. 母体、事物的发源地;矩阵
搭配短语:the matrix of the European culture(欧洲文明的摇篮)

sci-fi
科幻小说、电影或戏剧
= science fiction

gamechanger
n. 改变游戏规则的人或者事情

head
v. 往某个特定的方向前进

mind-expanding
adj. 会导致幻觉的,迷幻的

ultra-stylish
adj. 超级新潮的
词根词缀:ultra- (超级的)

thriller
n. 惊悚片

balletic
adj. 动作像芭蕾舞一样优雅舒展流畅
词性拓展:ballet(n. 芭蕾舞)

balletic cool
行云流水般的酷感

stunning
adj. 令人惊奇的

CGI
Computer-generated imagery
电脑特效

yet
conj. 但是
= but

shift
v. 转变

flight
n. 时光飞逝,岁月如梭

take root
扎根,深入人心
英文释义:If an idea takes root, it becomes established and accepted.

destabilized
adj. 使不安定,使不稳定
词根词缀:de-(表示否定)

a destabilized culture
一个受到了干扰而动摇了的文化

conspiracy theory
阴谋论

immense scale
规模宏大

complexity
n. 复杂
词性拓展:complex (adj.)

seem to be
看起来是怎么样的

remarkably
不寻常地,惊人地

technophobic
adj. 对科技感到恐惧的
词根词缀:-phobic(害怕某样东西,对某件事物感到恐惧的)
相关词汇:technology(科技)

falsehood
n. 虚伪,虚假

长难句解析

The effects are still a marvel, but the film’s ideas havetaken root in a destabilized culture where conspiracytheories flourish and individuals are defining for themselves what is and isn’t real.

这种影响如今看来依旧是个奇迹,不过电影所要传达的概念已经深深扎根于一个动摇的文化之中,在这个文化里,阴谋论盛行,人们自行判断虚实。

句子的一开头首先说 The effects are still a marvel,也就是《黑客帝国》为不同文化背景的人提供了一种认识世界的方式,这种影响如今看来依旧是个奇迹。接着是个转折,but the film’s ideas have taken root in a destabilized culture,“电影所要传达的概念已经深深扎根于一个动摇的文化之中”,而这个动摇的文化具体表现有哪些呢?看到后面的定语从句,where conspiracy theories flourish and individuals are defining for themselves what is and isn’t real. 在这个动摇的文化整体中,“阴谋论”盛行,conspiracy theories flourish,除此之外,对于组成文化整体的个人,individuals are defining for themselves what is and isn’t real,他们正在自行判断着虚实。也就是说,20年前的《黑客帝国》试图为我们展示的超前理念和我们当今所处的社会非常相似,我们和 Neo 一样质疑着周遭的一切,企图挣脱邪恶力量对我们无形的控制和压迫。在这种情况下,《黑客帝国》对于思想的启迪作用可能会逐渐降低。

学习资源

推荐的查音标网站:

https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com(牛津学习者词典)

关于电影《黑客帝国》的哲学解析:

https://www.sohu.com/a/229040868_100135323

拓展阅读

“9.11”阴谋论

“9.11”阴谋论被美国《时代》杂志评为全球“十大阴谋论”之一。该阴谋论起源于一个由几十位美国顶尖大学教授组成的“揭露‘9.11’真相”组织。他们对“9.11”事件的官方解释存疑,主要疑点包括飞机撞毁一幢摩天大厦的可能性和五角大楼的缺口直径与飞机直径不符等。

这些科学家在一份报告中称,喷气式客机燃烧时产生的火焰不足以完全破坏世贸双塔的结构,更不能导致双塔最后的倒塌。此外,在世贸中心废墟中发现的熔化金属中含有一种高温铝热剂(铝热剂常被用于焊接或切割金属)成分,因此,这些科学家推断:极有可能是某人使用炸药炸毁了世贸双塔,官方有关基地组织恐怖袭击的言论,可能只是布什政府为了找到对伊拉克发动战争的理由而编造的谎言。

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