std::vector 中存储类

在cpp 中vector存储类的时候，什么时候调用构造函数，什么时候调用拷贝构造，什么时候调用等号，这个问题值得测试了解一下

首先写一个类 FaceInfo.h

#pragma once
class FaceInfo
{
public:
	FaceInfo();
	~FaceInfo();
	FaceInfo & operator=(const FaceInfo &another);
	FaceInfo(const FaceInfo &another);
	int * data = 0;
	int len = 100;
	int index = 0;
};

FaceInfo.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "FaceInfo.h"

FaceInfo::~FaceInfo()
{
	if (data)
	{
		delete[] data;
		data = 0;
	}
	printf("~~~~~FaceInfo .... \n");
}

FaceInfo::FaceInfo()
{
	data = new int[len];
	printf("FaceInfo .... \n");
}

FaceInfo::FaceInfo(const FaceInfo &another)
{
	printf("拷贝构造 .... \n");
	//拷贝构造
	this->index = another.index;
	this->data = new int[len];
	memcpy(this->data, another.data, len * sizeof(int));
}

FaceInfo & FaceInfo::operator=(const FaceInfo &another)
{

	printf("FaceInfo operator =  \n");
	// 1.防止自身赋值
	if (this == &another)
	{
		return *this;
	}
	// 2. 给自己额外开辟的内存空间释放掉
	if (this->data != NULL)
	{
		delete[] this->data;
		this->data = NULL;	
	}
	//3. 执行深拷贝
	this->index = another.index;
	this->data = new int[len];
	memcpy(this->data, another.data, len * sizeof(int));
	return *this;
}

测试代码main.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include "FaceInfo.h"
FaceInfo getFaceInfo()
{
	FaceInfo mFaceInfo;
	mFaceInfo.data[0] = 521;
	printf("getFaceInfo....... \n");
	return mFaceInfo;
}
int main()
{

	printf("hello world \n");
	FaceInfo mFaceInfo;
	std::vector<FaceInfo> mVec;
	mVec.reserve(10);

	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		mFaceInfo.index = i;
		mVec.push_back(mFaceInfo); // 拷贝构造

	}
	
	//mVec.resize(2); // 会掉用三个析构函数

	//FaceInfo mFaceInfo1 = mFaceInfo;  // 调用拷贝构造
	//FaceInfo mFaceInfo1; mFaceInfo1 = getFaceInfo();  // 先构造，后=
	FaceInfo mFaceInfo1 =  getFaceInfo(); //不算函数里面，只调用拷贝构造，本以为还会掉=，然而并没有

	//printf("mFaceInfo1.data[0]=%d \n", mFaceInfo1.data[0]);

	std::cout << "mVec.size = " << mVec.size() << std::endl;
	std::vector<FaceInfo>::iterator iter = mVec.begin();

	for (; iter != mVec.end(); iter++)
	{
		printf(" index = %d ... \n", iter->index);
	}

	mVec.erase(mVec.begin()); // 会把第一个析构，后面四个前移，调用等号表达
	std::cout << "mVec.size = " << mVec.size() << std::endl;
	std::cout << "mVec.cap = " << mVec.capacity() << std::endl;

	printf("mvec[0].index=%d \n", mVec[0].index);

}

结论是：好吧，你看代码注释就知道了，还是啰嗦一下
1：FaceInfo mFaceInfo1 = mFaceInfo; // 调用拷贝构造，本以为会有=
2：FaceInfo mFaceInfo1; mFaceInfo1 = getFaceInfo(); // 先构造，后=
3：FaceInfo mFaceInfo1 = getFaceInfo(); // 类似1，调用拷贝
4：mVec.erase(mVec.begin()); // 会把第一个析构，后面四个前移，调用4次等号表达

惊不惊喜