c# 数字图像处理的一些方法

最近在写小论文，涉及一些图像处理方面的代码，许久没有写过博客了，论文发了没事就来发点。
代码也不全是自己写的，参考了很多网上和书上的，就在此做个整理吧。。。

先弄一个计时的，因为很多时候需要比较算法的计算时间，但是用系统时间一般不太好使，于是有了下文：
弄个类：

 internal class HiPerfTimer
    {
        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
        private static extern bool QueryPerformanceCounter(out long lpPerformanceCount);

        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
        private static extern bool QueryPerformanceFrequency(out long lpFrequency);

        private long startTime, stopTime;
        private long freq;

        // Constructor
        public HiPerfTimer()
        {
            startTime = 0;
            stopTime = 0;

            if (QueryPerformanceFrequency(out freq) == false)
            {
                // high-performance counter not supported
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
        }

        // Start the timer
        public void Start()
        {
            // lets do the waiting threads there work
            Thread.Sleep(0);

            QueryPerformanceCounter(out startTime);
        }

        // Stop the timer
        public void Stop()
        {
            QueryPerformanceCounter(out stopTime);
        }

        // Returns the duration of the timer (in milliseconds)
        public double Duration
        {
            get
            {
                return (double)(stopTime - startTime) * 1000 / (double)freq;
            }
        }

        public void ClearTimer()
        {
            startTime = 0;
            stopTime = 0;
        }
    }

要用时候直接new一个就好：

HiPerfTimer myTimer=new HiPerfTimer();
myTimer.Start();
。。。。
myTimer.Stop();
string time=myTimer.Duration.ToString("####.##") + " 毫秒";

开始正题：
首先读取一个图像：

            OpenFileDialog opnDlg = new OpenFileDialog();
            opnDlg.Filter = "所有图像文件 | *.bmp; *.pcx; *.png; *.jpg; *.gif;" +
                "*.tif; *.ico; *.dxf; *.cgm; *.cdr; *.wmf; *.eps; *.emf|" +
                "位图( *.bmp; *.jpg; *.png;...) | *.bmp; *.pcx; *.png; *.jpg; *.gif; *.tif; *.ico|" 
                +"矢量图( *.wmf; *.eps; *.emf;...) | *.dxf; *.cgm; *.cdr; *.wmf; *.eps; *.emf";
            opnDlg.Title = "打开图像文件";
            opnDlg.ShowHelp = true;
            if (opnDlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                curFileName = opnDlg.FileName;
                try
                {
                    curBitmap = (Bitmap)Image.FromFile(curFileName);
                    pictureBox1.Image = curBitmap;
                    pictureBox1.Width = this.curBitmap.Width;
                    pictureBox1.Height = this.curBitmap.Height;
                }
                catch (Exception exp)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(exp.Message);
                }
            }
            Invalidate();

灰度化：

            if (curBitmap != null)
            {
                Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, curBitmap.Width, curBitmap.Height);
                System.Drawing.Imaging.BitmapData bmpData = curBitmap.LockBits(rect, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, curBitmap.PixelFormat);
                IntPtr ptr = bmpData.Scan0;
                int bytes = curBitmap.Width * curBitmap.Height * 3;
                byte[] rgbValues = new byte[bytes];
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(ptr, rgbValues, 0, bytes);
                double colorTemp = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < rgbValues.Length; i += 3)
                {
                    colorTemp = rgbValues[i + 2] * 0.299 + rgbValues[i + 1] * 0.587 + rgbValues[i] * 0.114;
                    rgbValues[i] = rgbValues[i + 1] = rgbValues[i + 2] = (byte)colorTemp;
                }
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(rgbValues, 0, ptr, bytes);
                curBitmap.UnlockBits(bmpData);
            }

二值