Shell 基本语法

一、IF 判断

1. 判断文件夹是否存在

# -d 参数判断 $dir 是否存在
if [ ! -d "$dir" ]; then
  mkdir "$dir"
fi

2. 判断文件是否存在

# -f 参数判断 $file 是否存在
if [ ! -f "$file" ]; then
  touch "$file"
fi

3. 判断一个变量是否有值

# -n 判断一个变量是否有值
if [ ! -n "$var" ]; then
  echo "$var is empty"
  exit 0
fi

4. 判断两个变量是否相等

# 判断两个变量是否相等
if [ "$var1" = "$var2" ]; then
  echo '$var1 eq $var2'
else
  echo '$var1 not eq $var2'
fi

5. 检查目录是否包含文件

# 仅适用于0或1个文件(多文件会报错)
if [ -e /test/dir/* ]; then 
  echo "cnbai";
fi;

# 目录包含一个或多个文件
if find /test/dir/ -maxdepth 0 -empty | read v; then
  echo "Empty dir"; 
fi

6. IF ELSE 语句

if [ $1 == "ab" ]; then
   echo "you ab"
elif [ $1 == "cd" ]; then
   echo "you cd"
else
   echo "you word"
fi

7. 判断参数是否为空

if [ ! -n "$1"  ]; then
   echo "参数不能为空"
fi

二、CASE 判断

#!/bin/bash

case $1 in
"start"){
    for i in 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3
    do
        echo " --------启动 $i Kafka-------"
        ssh $i "/use/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /use/local/kafka/config/server.properties"
    done
};;
"stop"){
    for i in 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3
    do
        echo " --------停止 $i Kafka-------"
        ssh $i "/use/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-stop.sh "
    done
};;
esac

三、拷贝文件及文件夹

# 把 /user 目录及子目录下面所有以 .sh 结尾的文件复制到 /test 下面
cp $(find /user/ -type f -name "*.sh")  /test

# find: Argument list too long 报错解决
find /user/ -type f -name "*.sh" | xargs -i cp {} /test

四、判断进程

1. 脚本判断杀死进程

#!/bin/bash

tomcat_id=`ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v "grep" | awk '{print $2}'`
echo $tomcat_id

for id in $tomcat_id
do
    kill -9 $id  
    echo "killed $id"  
done

2. 单行命令判断杀死进程

# 命令行执行
ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -n1 kill -9

注：

# shell 脚本中使用需转义
ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$2}' | xargs -n1 kill -9

3. 获取进程查询结果行数

#!/bin/bash

status_tomcat(){
    result=`ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v grep | wc -l`
    return $result
}

judge_tomcat(){
	  status_tomcat
    if [[ $? -lt 1 ]]; then
    		echo "tomcat 正在运行"
		elif [[ $? -gt 0 ]]; then
    		echo "tomcat 停止运行"
		else
				echo "tomcat 有多个"
		fi
}

五、FOR 循环

#!/bin/bash

for id in a b c
do
    echo $id
done

六、获取当前目录

workdir=$(cd $(dirname $0); pwd)

echo $workdir

七、FTP上传和下载

1. 批量下载文件

#!/bin/bash

HOST='192.168.186.128:10001'
USER='admin'
PASSWD='123456'

downDir="/u01/down"
ftpDir="/u01/ftp"

ftp -v -n $HOST<<EOF
user $USER $PASSWD
binary
cd $ftpDir
lcd $downDir
prompt
mget *
bye
EOF

2. 单个下载文件

#!/bin/bash

HOST='192.168.186.128:10001'
USER='admin'
PASSWD='123456'

downDir="/u01/down"
ftpDir="/u01/ftp"

ftp -v -n $HOST<<EOF
user $USER $PASSWD
binary
cd $ftpDir
lcd $downDir
prompt
get test.txt
bye
EOF

3. 批量上传文件

#!/bin/bash

HOST='192.168.186.128:10001'
USER='admin'
PASSWD='123456'

sourceDir="/u01/source"
ftpDir="/u01/ftp"

ftp -v -n $HOST<<EOF
user $USER $PASSWD
binary
hash
cd $ftpDir
lcd $sourceDir
prompt
mput *
bye
EOF

4. 单个上传文件

#!/bin/bash

HOST='192.168.186.128:10001'
USER='admin'
PASSWD='123456'

sourceDir="/u01/source"
ftpDir="/u01/ftp"

ftp -v -n $HOST<<EOF
user $USER $PASSWD
binary
cd $ftpDir
lcd $sourceDir
prompt
put test.txt
bye
EOF

八、Java 服务的启停脚本

#!/bin/bash

# 定义变量
APP_NAME="myapp.jar"
APP_DIR="/opt/myapp"
JAVA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx1024m"
PID_FILE="$APP_DIR/myapp.pid"

# 启动服务
start() {
    if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
        echo "$APP_NAME is already running."
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "Starting $APP_NAME..."
    nohup java $JAVA_OPTS -jar --spring.profiles.active=prod $APP_DIR/$APP_NAME > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    echo $! > $PID_FILE
    echo "$APP_NAME started with PID $(cat $PID_FILE)."
}

# 停止服务
stop() {
    if [ ! -f $PID_FILE ]; then
        echo "$APP_NAME is not running."
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "Stopping $APP_NAME..."
    kill $(cat $PID_FILE)
    rm -f $PID_FILE
    echo "$APP_NAME stopped."
}

# 重启服务
restart() {
    stop
    start
}

# 显示帮助信息
help() {
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|help}"
}

# 主逻辑
case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        ;;
    stop)
        stop
        ;;
    restart)
        restart
        ;;
    help)
        help
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Invalid option."
        help
        exit 1
        ;;
esac