【C/C++】标准库之 mutex

Backto C/C++ Index

---

mutex 的意思是互斥量, 主要作用是给敏感的数据和代码进行加锁和去锁, 让多线程互斥, 防止起冲突.

Header with facilities that allow mutual exclusion (mutex) of concurrent execution of critical sections of code, allowing to explicitly avoid data races.
It contains mutex types, lock types and specific functions:

• Mutex types are lockable types used to protect access to a critical section of code: locking a mutex prevents other threads from locking it (exclusive access) until it is unlocked: mutex, recursive_mutex, timed_mutex, recursive_timed_mutex.
• Locks are objects that manage a mutex by associating its access to their own lifetime: lock_guard, unique_lock.
• Functions: to lock mutiple mutexes simultaneously (try_lock, lock) and to directly prevent concurrent execution of a specific function (call_once).

mutex: lock(), unlock()

// mutex example
#include <iostream>       // std::cout
#include <thread>         // std::thread
#include <mutex>          // std::mutex

std::mutex mtx;           // mutex for critical section

void print_block(int n, char c) {
   
	// critical section (exclusive access to std::cout signaled by locking mtx):
	//mtx.lock();
	for