Swift学习笔记(三)控制流

1.for-in 循环语句

for index in 1...5 {
   println("\(index) times 5 is \(index * 5)")
}

2.如果你不需要序列中的每一个值,你可以使用下划线来代替

let base = 3
let power = 10
var answer = 1
for _ in 1...power {
    answer *= base
}

3.使用for-in去迭代遍历数组

let names = ["Anna", "Alex", "Brian", "Jack"]
for name in names {
//    println("Hello, \(name)!")
}

4.for-in去迭代遍历字典

let numberOfLegs = ["spider": 8, "ant": 6, "cat": 4]
for (animalName, legCount) in numberOfLegs {
//    println("\(animalName)s have \(legCount) legs")
}

5.for循环 (不能使用let,因为index自增)

for var index = 0; index < 3; ++index {
    println("index is \(index)")
}

6.If语句

var temperatureInFahrenheit = 30
if temperatureInFahrenheit <= 32 {
    println("It's very cold. Consider wearing a scarf.")
}

7.Switch

let someCharacter: Character = "e"
switch someCharacter {
case "a", "e", "i", "o", "u":
    println("\(someCharacter) is a vowel")
case "b", "c", "d", "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", "m",
"n", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z":
    println("\(someCharacter) is a consonant")
default:
    println("\(someCharacter) is not a vowel or a consonant")
}

8.switch元组

let somePoint = (1, 1)
switch somePoint {
case (0, 0):
    println("(0, 0) is at the origin")
case (_, 0):
    println("(\(somePoint.0), 0) is on the x-axis")
case (0, _):
    println("(0, \(somePoint.1)) is on the y-axis")
case (-2...2, -2...2):
    println("(\(somePoint.0), \(somePoint.1)) is inside the box")
default:
    println("(\(somePoint.0), \(somePoint.1)) is outside of the box")
}

9.switch的case中可以使用where

let yetAnotherPoint = (1, -1)
switch yetAnotherPoint {
case let (x, y) where x == y:
    println("(\(x), \(y)) is on the line x == y")
case let (x, y) where x == -y:
    println("(\(x), \(y)) is on the line x == -y")
case let (x, y):
    println("(\(x), \(y)) is just some arbitrary point")
}
// prints "(1, -1) is on the line x == -y"