2019January17_Android动态权限申请

1 原理

在安卓6.0以后单纯的再Manifest中申请权限不再有效，系统要求必须动态申请，并获取用户确认

2 效果

3 Demo

DynamicPermissionRequestActivity

4 代码实现

1. Manifest中配置权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />

2. 进入应用时查询，如果没有动态申请，弹出申请框；
   用户如果禁止了，必须要这个权限的，弹出提示框，让用户在系统设置中去设置
   Utils工具类PermissionUtils：

public class PermissionUtils {

    public final static int CODE_PERMISSION_REQUEST = 99;
    public final static int CODE_PERMISSION_SETTING = 100;

    public final static int PERMISSION_DENIED = -1;
    public final static int PERMISSION_GRANTED = 0;
    public final static int PERMISSION_SHOW_REQUEST = 1;
    /**
     * 弹出对话框请求权限
     */
    public static void requestPermissions(Activity activity, String[] permissions, int requestCode){
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, permissions, requestCode);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 返回缺失的权限
     * @return 返回缺少的权限，null 意味着没有缺少权限
     */
    public static String[] getDeniedPermissions(Context context, String[] permissions){
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
            ArrayList<String> deniedPermissionList = new ArrayList<>();
            for(String permission : permissions){
                if(ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    deniedPermissionList.add(permission);
                }
            }
            int size = deniedPermissionList.size();
            if(size > 0){
                return deniedPermissionList.toArray(new String[deniedPermissionList.size()]);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }



    public static String getPermissionDes(String[] permissions){
        Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        for(int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++){
            if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(permissions[i])){
                if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)){
                    set.add("读取手机状态");
                }if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS)){
                    set.add("发送短信");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)) {
                    set.add("录音");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS)) {
                    set.add("录音");
                } else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                    set.add("拍照");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                    set.add("访问照片");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                    set.add("访问照片");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {
                    set.add("读取位置信息");
                }else if(permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {
                    set.add("读取位置信息");
                }
            }
        }
        if(set != null && !set.isEmpty()){
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            Iterator<String> it = set.iterator();
            while(it.hasNext())
                res.append(it.next()).append("、");

            return res.substring(0, res.length() - 1).toString();
        }
        return "";
    }
}

Activity中查询并申请，弹出确认框（MyDialog就是个普通封装）

public class DynamicPermissionRequestActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private String[] permissions = new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_dynamic_permission);

        if(checkPermission()){
            init();
        }
    }

    private void init() {
        //请求权限成功后进行应用的初始化操作
    }


    private boolean checkPermission(){
        String[] perms = PermissionUtils.getDeniedPermissions(this, permissions);
        if(perms == null || perms.length == 0){
            return true;
        }else {
            PermissionUtils.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PermissionUtils.CODE_PERMISSION_REQUEST);
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        switch (requestCode) {
            case PermissionUtils.CODE_PERMISSION_REQUEST:
                int permissionVal = PermissionUtils.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                for(int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++){
                    if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                        permissionVal = PermissionUtils.PERMISSION_DENIED;
                        if(!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permissions[i])){
                            permissionVal = PermissionUtils.PERMISSION_SHOW_REQUEST;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if(permissionVal == PermissionUtils.PERMISSION_SHOW_REQUEST){
                   new MyDialog.Builder(this)
                            .setTitle("提示")
                            .setMessage("为了确保功能服务的正常使用，我们需要您开启"+
                                    PermissionUtils.getPermissionDes(permissions) + "权限，请在设置后重试。", Gravity.LEFT)
                            .setPositiveButton("去设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                                    Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
                                    intent.setData(uri);
                                    startActivityForResult(intent, PermissionUtils.CODE_PERMISSION_SETTING);
                                    dialog.dismiss();
                                }
                            })
                            .setCancelable(false)
                            .setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false)
                            .create().show();
                }else if(permissionVal == PermissionUtils.PERMISSION_DENIED){
                    PermissionUtils.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PermissionUtils.CODE_PERMISSION_REQUEST);
                }else {
                    init();
                }
                break;
            case RESULT_CANCELED:
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
    }
}