03-树3 Tree Traversals Again (25分)
An inorder binary tree traversal can be implemented in a non-recursive way with a stack. For example, suppose that when a 6-node binary tree (with the keys numbered from 1 to 6) is traversed, the stack operations are: push(1); push(2); push(3); pop(); pop(); push(4); pop(); pop(); push(5); push(6); pop(); pop(). Then a unique binary tree (shown in Figure 1) can be generated from this sequence of operations. Your task is to give the postorder traversal sequence of this tree.
Figure 1
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer N (≤30) which is the total number of nodes in a tree (and hence the nodes are numbered from 1 to N). Then 2N lines follow, each describes a stack operation in the format: "Push X" where X is the index of the node being pushed onto the stack; or "Pop" meaning to pop one node from the stack.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print the postorder traversal sequence of the corresponding tree in one line. A solution is guaranteed to exist. All the numbers must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input:
6
Push 1
Push 2
Push 3
Pop
Pop
Push 4
Pop
Pop
Push 5
Push 6
Pop
Pop
Sample Output:
3 4 2 6 5 1
这个题,利用stack 非递归实现了,先序和中序
push 操作得到的是先序遍历
pop 操作给定的是中序遍历(画个图就明白了。。。)
那么题目就变成了根据先序和中序输出后序
可以复习下 先序中序得到后序遍历
#include <iostream>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;
#define Max 100
//给定push 操作得到的是先序遍历
// pop 操作给定的是中序遍历
//那么题目就变成了根据先序和中序输出后序
int pre[Max];
int in[Max];
int post[Max];
void solve(int prel, int inl, int postl, int n) {
if (n == 0) return;
if (n == 1) {
post[postl] = pre[prel];
return;
}
int i;
int root = pre[prel];
post[postl + n - 1] = root; //那么根节点就是后序遍历的最后一个
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
if (in[inl + i] == root) break;
int L = i;
int R = n - L - 1;
//分别递归左右子树
solve(prel + 1, inl, postl, L);
solve(prel + L + 1, inl + L + 1, postl + L, R);
}
int main() {
int n;
stack<int> sta;
scanf("%d\n", &n);
int j = 0, k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {
string s;
cin >> s;
int x;
if (s == "Push") {
cin >> x;
sta.push(x);
pre[j++] = x;
} else {
in[k++] = sta.top();
sta.pop();
}
}
solve(0, 0, 0, n);
for (int m = 0; m < n; m++) {
if (m != 0)
printf(" %d", post[m]);
else
printf("%d", post[m]);
}
return 0;
}