简介:使用Tkinter完成一个学生考试(测验)的界面,大概长这个样子,因为我要把它放到其他界面中,所以组件的布局还不是很 美观。目前只完成填空题和判断题的输入,其他题型还不能满足。
提醒:1、第一次输入答案,点击下一题答案会被记录;只是输入答案,没有点击下一题,答案不会被记录。
2、修改答案不仅要在输入框中输入要修改的答案,而且要点击修改,否则答案不会被修改。
代码:
import tkinter as tk
courseName = '人工智能及其应用'
question_lists = [['1、 这是一道判断题', '对'],
['2、 这不是一道判断题', '错'],
['3、 Python标准库math中用来计算平方根的函数是____。', '(sqrt)'],
['4、Python程序文件扩展名主要有__和__两种,其中后者常用于GUI程序。', '(py、pyw)'],
['5、 Python源代码程序编译后的文件扩展名为___。', '(pyc)']]
parent = tk.Tk()
parent.geometry("500x500")
# 存放学生的答案
studentAllAnswer = ['' for i in range(10)]
# 单选按钮的值,方便获得选中的按钮的值
var = tk.StringVar()
# 题目index, 用于翻页
completed_question_index = 0
def showQuestions(courseName, question_lists):
# 添加一个说明
tk.Label(parent, bg='white', text='学生自测考试界面', font=("微软雅黑", 14)).pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
# 科目、题目、选项、我的答案 的frame
course_frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg='white')
question_frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg='white')
select_frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg='white')
answer_frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg='white')
button_frame = tk.Frame(parent, bg='white')
course_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
question_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
select_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
answer_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
button_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
# 在 科目、题目、选项、我的答案 frame中添加一个Label说明
tk.Label(course_frame, bg='white', text='科目', font=("微软雅黑", 12), padx=10, pady=10).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(question_frame, bg='white', text='题目', font=("微软雅黑", 12), padx=10, pady=10).pack(side=tk.LEFT, pady=5)
tk.Label(select_frame, bg='white', text='选项', font=("微软雅黑", 12), padx=10, pady=30).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
tk.Label(answer_frame, bg='white', text='我的答案', font=("微软雅黑", 12), padx=10, pady=10).pack(side=tk.LEFT, pady=5)
# 科目名称框
courseNameLabel = tk.Label(course_frame, bg='white', text=courseName, font=("微软雅黑", 12))
courseNameLabel.pack(fill=tk.X)
# 题目框
questionLabel = tk.Label(question_frame, bg='white', wraplength=400, justify='left', font=("微软雅黑", 12))
questionLabel.pack(fill=tk.X)
# 判断题的单选按钮
rbt = tk.Radiobutton(select_frame, text='对', font=("微软雅黑", 16), value='对', indicatoron=1)
ebt = tk.Radiobutton(select_frame, text='错', font=("微软雅黑", 16), value='错', indicatoron=1)
r_e_bt = [rbt, ebt]
# 填空题的输入框
input_entry = tk.Entry(select_frame, bd=3, justify='left')
# 我的答案显示框
student_answer_en = tk.Entry(answer_frame, font=("微软雅黑", 12))
student_answer_en.selection_clear()
student_answer_en.xview_scroll(10, 'units')
student_answer_en.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
# 提交按钮
submit_bt = tk.Button(button_frame, text='提交', bg='white', font=("微软雅黑", 12), command=submitAnswer)
# 因为情景设置是有题目的,所以先显示出第一个题目
insertQuestion(questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt, input_entry, student_answer_en, question_lists[0])
change_button = tk.Button(button_frame, text='修改', bg='white', font=("微软雅黑", 12),
command=lambda: collectAnswer('change', input_entry, student_answer_en)
)
change_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 如果题目数量多于一个, 显示出上下翻题按钮和当前题目序号
if len(question_lists) > 1:
index_lb = tk.Label(button_frame, bg='white', font=("微软雅黑", 12))
tk.Button(button_frame, text='上一题', bg='white', font=("微软雅黑", 12),
command=lambda: back_next_question('back', index_lb, question_lists, input_entry,
questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt,
student_answer_en, submit_bt, change_button)
).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=50)
index_lb.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20)
tk.Button(button_frame, text='下一题', bg='white', font=("微软雅黑", 12),
command=lambda: back_next_question('next', index_lb, question_lists, input_entry,
questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt, student_answer_en, submit_bt,
change_button)
).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20)
def collectAnswer(type, input_entry, student_answer_en):
global completed_question_index, var, studentAllAnswer
# 向下翻页
if type == 'next':
# 还没有填答案,就收集答案,否则就只是在翻题
if student_answer_en.get().startswith('注意'):
if input_entry.get():
# 这是填空题
studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index - 1] = input_entry.get()
else:
# 这是判断题
studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index - 1] = var.get()
# 修改答案
elif type == 'change':
if student_answer_en.get() == '对' or student_answer_en.get() == '错':
# 判断题
studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index] = var.get()
student_answer_en.delete(0, 'end')
student_answer_en.insert(0, var.get())
else:
# 填空题
studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index] = input_entry.get()
student_answer_en.delete(0, 'end')
student_answer_en.insert(0, input_entry.get())
def back_next_question(type, index_lb, question_lists, input_entry, questionLabel,
select_frame, r_e_bt, student_answer_en, submit_bt, change_button):
'''处理上下翻题函数'''
global completed_question_index, studentAllAnswer
if type == 'back':
# 向前翻页
if completed_question_index == 0:
# 不能向上翻页
completed_question_index = 1
else:
# 不管上一题是否是判断题,是否已经显示,将其隐藏
submit_bt.forget()
# 因为在最后一题点击了两次下一题,所以要-2
if completed_question_index == len(question_lists):
completed_question_index -= 2
else:
completed_question_index -= 1
index_lb['text'] = str(completed_question_index + 1)
insertQuestion(questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt, input_entry, student_answer_en,
question_lists[completed_question_index])
else:
# 向后翻页
completed_question_index += 1
if completed_question_index == len(question_lists):
# 如果到达最后一题, 将最后一题的答案收集,显示提交按钮,隐藏修改按钮
collectAnswer('next', input_entry, student_answer_en)
submit_bt.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
change_button.forget()
elif completed_question_index > len(question_lists):
# 到达最后一题,继续点击下一题,直接返回
return
else:
# 更改题号,收集上一题的答案,显示新的题目
index_lb['text'] = str(completed_question_index + 1)
collectAnswer('next', input_entry, student_answer_en)
insertQuestion(questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt, input_entry, student_answer_en,
question_lists[completed_question_index])
def insertQuestion(questionLabel, select_frame, r_e_bt, input_entry, student_answer_en, question):
'''在界面上显示新的题目'''
global var, completed_question_index
# ['2、 Python标准库math中用来计算平方根的函数是____。', '(sqrt)']
if question[1] == '对' or question[1] == '错':
# 判断题
questionLabel['text'] = (question[0] + '\t(判断题)')
# 将输入框隐藏
select_frame.winfo_children()[3].forget()
# 显示选择对错的按钮
r_e_bt[0]['variable'] = var
r_e_bt[0]['text'] = '对'
r_e_bt[0]['value'] = '对'
r_e_bt[1]['variable'] = var
r_e_bt[1]['text'] = '错'
r_e_bt[1]['value'] = '错'
r_e_bt[0].pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=30)
r_e_bt[1].pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 清空我的答案显示框,如果是还没有回答的题目,显示提示,回答过的题目,显示之前回答的答案
student_answer_en.delete(0, 'end')
if not studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index]:
student_answer_en.insert(0, '注意:不要在此输入框中输入答案')
else:
student_answer_en.insert(0, studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index])
elif question[1].startswith('A'):
# 选择题,还没有设计,忽略
questionLabel['text'] = (question[0] + '\t(选择题)')
elif question[1].startswith('(') or question[1].startswith('('):
# 填空题
questionLabel['text'] = (question[0] + '\t(填空题)')
# 将选项按钮隐藏
for radio_bt in select_frame.winfo_children()[1:-1]:
radio_bt.forget()
# 改变选项标签的文字
select_frame.winfo_children()[0]['text'] = '填写答案'
input_entry.delete(0, 'end')
input_entry.xview_scroll(10, 'units')
input_entry.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=30)
student_answer_en.delete(0, 'end')
if not studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index]:
student_answer_en.insert(0, '注意:不要在此输入框中输入答案')
else:
student_answer_en.insert(0, studentAllAnswer[completed_question_index])
def submitAnswer():
global studentAllAnswer
print('提交的答案是:')
print(studentAllAnswer)
showQuestions(courseName, question_lists)
parent.mainloop()