netty 学习 （4）混合使用coder和handler

摘要 该例子模拟一个Server和Client，两者之间通过http协议进行通讯，在Server内部通过一个自定义的StringDecoder把httprequest转换成String。Server端处理完成后，通过StringEncoder把String转换成httpresponse，发送给客户端。 转自：http://blog.csdn.net/u013252773/article/details/21564301

netty coder handler

该例子模拟一个Server和Client，两者之间通过http协议进行通讯，在Server内部通过一个自定义的StringDecoder把httprequest转换成String。Server端处理完成后，通过StringEncoder把String转换成httpresponse，发送给客户端。具体的处理流程如图所示：

其中红色框中的Decoder、Encoder及request都是Netty框架自带的，灰色框中的三个类是我自己实现的。

引入jar包：

用到的log4j.xml:

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<?xmlversion="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPElog4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd"> <log4j:configurationxmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">     <appendername="CONSOLE"class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">         <layoutclass="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">             <paramname="ConversionPattern"value="[%-5p] [%d] [%t] [%c] %m%n"/>         </layout>     </appender>           <appendername="FILE"class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">         <paramname="File"value="./log/netty.log"/>         <layoutclass="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">             <paramname="ConversionPattern"value="[%-5p] [%d] [%t] [%c] %m%n"/>         </layout>     </appender>           <appendername="FILE_ERR"class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">         <paramname="File"value="./log/netty_err.log"/>         <paramname="Threshold"value="ERROR"/>         <layoutclass="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">             <paramname="ConversionPattern"value="[%-5p] [%d] [%t] [%c] %m%n"/>         </layout>     </appender>                 <loggername="io.netty"additivity="false">         <levelvalue="INFO,DEBUG"/>         <appender-refref="FILE"/>         <appender-refref="FILE_ERR"/>         <appender-refref="CONSOLE"/>     </logger>     <loggername="com.yao"additivity="false">         <levelvalue="INFO,DEBUG"/>         <appender-refref="FILE"/>         <appender-refref="FILE_ERR"/>         <appender-refref="CONSOLE"/>     </logger>           <root>                 <levelvalue="debug"/>         <appender-refref="FILE"/>         <appender-refref="CONSOLE"/>         <appender-refref="FILE_ERR"/>     </root> </log4j:configuration>

Server端的类有：Server StringDecoder BusinessHandler StringEncoder四个类。

1、Server 启动netty服务，并注册handler、coder，注意注册的顺序：

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap; importio.netty.channel.ChannelFuture; importio.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; importio.netty.channel.ChannelOption; importio.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup; importio.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; importio.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; importio.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder; // 测试coder 和 handler 的混合使用 publicclass Server {     publicvoid start(intport) throwsException {         EventLoopGroup bossGroup = newNioEventLoopGroup();         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = newNioEventLoopGroup();         try{             ServerBootstrap b = newServerBootstrap();             b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)                     .childHandler(newChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {                                 @Override                                 publicvoid initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throwsException {                                     // 都属于ChannelOutboundHandler，逆序执行                                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newHttpResponseEncoder());                                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newStringEncoder());                                                                           // 都属于ChannelIntboundHandler，按照顺序执行                                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newHttpRequestDecoder());                                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newStringDecoder());                                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newBusinessHandler());                                 }                             }).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128)                     .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true);             ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();         }finally{             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();             bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();         }     }     publicstatic void main(String[] args) throwsException {         Server server = newServer();         server.start(8000);     } }

2、StringDecoder 把httpRequest转换成String，其中ByteBufToBytes是一个工具类，负责对ByteBuf中的数据进行读取

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; importio.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest; importorg.apache.commons.logging.Log; importorg.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; publicclass StringDecoder extendsChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {     privatestatic Log  logger  = LogFactory.getLog(StringDecoder.class);     privateByteBufToBytes  reader;     @Override     publicvoid channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throwsException {         logger.info("StringDecoder : msg's type is " + msg.getClass());         if(msg instanceofHttpRequest) {             HttpRequest request = (HttpRequest) msg;             reader = newByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(request));         }         if(msg instanceofHttpContent) {             HttpContent content = (HttpContent) msg;             reader.reading(content.content());             if(reader.isEnd()) {                 byte[] clientMsg = reader.readFull();                 logger.info("StringDecoder : change httpcontent to string ");                 ctx.fireChannelRead(newString(clientMsg));             }         }     } }

3、BusinessHandler 具体处理业务的类，把客户端的请求打印出来，并向客户端发送信息

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; importio.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter; importorg.apache.commons.logging.Log; importorg.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; publicclass BusinessHandler extendsChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {     privateLog logger  = LogFactory.getLog(BusinessHandler.class);     @Override     publicvoid channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throwsException {         String clientMsg = "client said : " + (String) msg;         logger.info("BusinessHandler read msg from client :" + clientMsg);         ctx.write("I am very OK!");     }     @Override     publicvoid channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throwsException {         ctx.flush();     } }

4、StringEncoder 把字符串转换成HttpResponse

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importstatic io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION; importstatic io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH; importstatic io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE; importstatic io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK; importstatic io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1; importio.netty.buffer.Unpooled; importio.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; importio.netty.channel.ChannelOutboundHandlerAdapter; importio.netty.channel.ChannelPromise; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Values; importorg.apache.commons.logging.Log; importorg.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; // 把String转换成httpResponse publicclass StringEncoder extendsChannelOutboundHandlerAdapter {     privateLog logger  = LogFactory.getLog(StringEncoder.class);     @Override     publicvoid write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) throwsException {         logger.info("StringEncoder response to client.");         String serverMsg = (String) msg;         FullHttpResponse response = newDefaultFullHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, OK, Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(serverMsg                 .getBytes()));         response.headers().set(CONTENT_TYPE,"text/plain");         response.headers().set(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.content().readableBytes());         response.headers().set(CONNECTION, Values.KEEP_ALIVE);         ctx.write(response);         ctx.flush();     } }

Client端有两个类：Client ClientInitHandler 
1、Client 与Server端建立连接，并向Server端发送HttpRequest请求。

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap; importio.netty.buffer.Unpooled; importio.netty.channel.ChannelFuture; importio.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; importio.netty.channel.ChannelOption; importio.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup; importio.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; importio.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; importio.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpRequest; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseDecoder; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion; importjava.net.URI; publicclass Client {     publicvoid connect(String host, intport) throwsException {         EventLoopGroup workerGroup = newNioEventLoopGroup();         try{             Bootstrap b = newBootstrap();             b.group(workerGroup);             b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);             b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true);             b.handler(newChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {                 @Override                 publicvoid initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throwsException {                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newHttpResponseDecoder());                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newHttpRequestEncoder());                     ch.pipeline().addLast(newClientInitHandler());                 }             });             // Start the client.             ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();             URI uri = newURI("http://127.0.0.1:8000");             String msg = "Are you ok?";             DefaultFullHttpRequest request = newDefaultFullHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.POST,                     uri.toASCIIString(), Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(msg.getBytes()));             request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST, host);             request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE);             request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, request.content().readableBytes());             f.channel().write(request);             f.channel().flush();             f.channel().closeFuture().sync();         }finally{             workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();         }     }     publicstatic void main(String[] args) throwsException {         Client client = newClient();         client.connect("127.0.0.1",8000);     } }

2、ClientInitHandler 从Server端读取响应信息

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.buffer.ByteBuf; importio.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; importio.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders; importio.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse; publicclass ClientInitHandler extendsChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {     privateByteBufToBytes  reader;     @Override     publicvoid channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throwsException {         if(msg instanceofHttpResponse) {             HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg;             if(HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet(response)) {                 reader = newByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(response));             }         }         if(msg instanceofHttpContent) {             HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;             ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();             reader.reading(content);             content.release();             if(reader.isEnd()) {                 String resultStr = newString(reader.readFull());                 System.out.println("Server said:" + resultStr);             }         }     }     @Override     publicvoid channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throwsException {         ctx.close();     } }

工具类：ByteBufToBytes 对ByteBuf的数据进行读取，支持流式读取（reading 和 readFull方法结合使用） 
ByteBufToBytes 

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packagecom.yao.codehandler; importio.netty.buffer.ByteBuf; importio.netty.buffer.Unpooled; publicclass ByteBufToBytes {     privateByteBuf temp;     privateboolean end = true;     publicByteBufToBytes() {}     publicByteBufToBytes(intlength) {         temp = Unpooled.buffer(length);     }     publicvoid reading(ByteBuf datas) {         datas.readBytes(temp, datas.readableBytes());         if(this.temp.writableBytes() != 0) {             end = false;         }else{             end = true;         }     }     publicboolean isEnd() {         returnend;     }     publicbyte[] readFull() {         if(end) {             byte[] contentByte = newbyte[this.temp.readableBytes()];             this.temp.readBytes(contentByte);             this.temp.release();             returncontentByte;         }else{             returnnull;         }     }     publicbyte[] read(ByteBuf datas) {         byte[] bytes = newbyte[datas.readableBytes()];         datas.readBytes(bytes);         returnbytes;     } }

通过该实例证明，Encoder、Decoder的本质也是Handler，它们的执行顺序、使用方法与Handler保持一致。

执行顺序是：Encoder 先注册的后执行，与OutboundHandler一致；Decoder是先注册的先执行，与InboundHandler一致。