I would like to explain the Interface,Class,Module, Program and Fucntion in TypeScript per comparing C# and hopefully the answers are useful to people coming to TypeScript from similar languages too.
Interface
An interface in TypeScript is similar to those you have come across in C#. It is a contract - if one of your classes implements an interface, it promises to have certain properties or methods that the interface documents.
In TypeScript an interface can inherit from another interface in order to extend it and from a class to capture its implementation.
Whenever something seems impossible in TypeScript, you can usually solve it with an interface!
Class
This is very similar to the concept of a class in C#. You can inherit from other classes to extend or specialise the behaviour.
Module
Modules are analogous to C# namespaces. They allow you to group a number of classes together into a logical group. A module can also have functions and variables alongside classes.
Program
A program is a collection of modules, classes. This is essentially the thing you have written using TypeScript.
Function
A TypeScript function is just like a C# method.
Declare vs. var
var
creates a new variable. declare
is used to tell TypeScript that the variable has been created elsewhere. If you use declare
, nothing is added to the JavaScript that is generated - it is simply a hint to the compiler.
For example, if you use an external script that defines var externalModule
, you would use declare externalModule
to hint to the TypeScript compiler that externalModule
has been correctly set up.