linux进程间的通信之管道通信

发送端

#include <unistd.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <fcntl.h>  
#include <limits.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
  
int main()  
{  
    const char *fifo_name = "my_fifo";  
    int pipe_fd = -1;  
    int data_fd = -1;  
    int res = 0;  
    const int open_mode = O_WRONLY;  
    int bytes_sent = 0;  
    char buffer[PIPE_BUF + 1];  
  
    if(access(fifo_name, F_OK) == -1)  
    {  
        //管道文件不存在  
        //创建命名管道  
        res = mkfifo(fifo_name, 0777);//目测这个0777是权限设置，但改成0000权限然后删除原来的.pipe然后就无法访问了，所以最好0777
        if(res != 0)  
        {  
            fprintf(stderr, "Could not create fifo %s\n", fifo_name);  
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
        }  
    }  
  
    printf("Process %d opening FIFO O_WRONLY\n", getpid());  
    //以只写阻塞方式打开FIFO文件，以只读方式打开数据文件 
    pipe_fd = open(fifo_name, open_mode);  
    data_fd = open("Data.txt", O_RDONLY);  
    printf("Process %d result %d\n", getpid(), pipe_fd);  
  
    if(pipe_fd != -1)  
    {  
        int bytes_read = 0;  
        //向数据文件读取数据  
        bytes_read = read(data_fd, buffer, PIPE_BUF);  
        buffer[bytes_read] = '\0';  
        while(bytes_read > 0)  
        {  
            //向FIFO文件写数据  
            res = write(pipe_fd, buffer, bytes_read);  
            if(res == -1)  
            {  
                fprintf(stderr, "Write error on pipe\n");  
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
            }  
            //累加写的字节数，并继续读取数据，之所以要在while里面发送，是防止一次cpu时间片用完了，没有发送完，下次来继续发送  
            bytes_sent += res;  
            bytes_read = read(data_fd, buffer, PIPE_BUF);  
            buffer[bytes_read] = '\0';  
            printf("%d\n",res);
            //cout<<"dd"<<endl;
        }  
        close(pipe_fd);  
        close(data_fd);  
    }  
    else  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
  
    printf("Process %d finished\n", getpid());  
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);  
}  

接收端

#include <unistd.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <fcntl.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <limits.h>  
#include <string.h>  
  
int main()  
{  
    const char *fifo_name = "my_fifo";  
    int pipe_fd = -1;  
    int data_fd = -1;  
    int res = 0;  
    int open_mode = O_RDONLY;  
    char buffer[PIPE_BUF + 1];  
    int bytes_read = 0;  
    int bytes_write = 0;  
    //清空缓冲数组  
    memset(buffer, '\0', sizeof(buffer));  
  
    printf("Process %d opening FIFO O_RDONLY\n", getpid());  
    //以只读阻塞方式打开管道文件，注意与fifowrite.c文件中的FIFO同名  
    pipe_fd = open(fifo_name, open_mode);  
    //以只写方式创建保存数据的文件  
    data_fd = open("DataFormFIFO.txt", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0644);  
    printf("Process %d result %d\n",getpid(), pipe_fd);  
  
    if(pipe_fd != -1)  
    {  
        do  
        {  
            //读取FIFO中的数据，并把它保存在文件DataFormFIFO.txt文件中  
            res = read(pipe_fd, buffer, PIPE_BUF);  
            printf("%d\n",res);
            bytes_write = write(data_fd, buffer, res);  
            bytes_read += res; 
            //printf("%d\n",bytes_read); 
        }while(res > 0);  
        close(pipe_fd);  
        close(data_fd);  
    }  
    else  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
  
    printf("Process %d finished, %d bytes read\n", getpid(), bytes_read);  
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);  
}  

第一个p就表示管道