仿12306校招项目业务二（列车检索）

洒水水儿

已于 2024-02-25 15:31:28 修改

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分类专栏：仿12306校招项目文章标签： java spring spring boot

于 2024-02-25 15:31:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cangshanjiang/article/details/136277637

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12306 项目中列车数据检索接口路径 TicketController的pageListTicketQuery。

@GetMapping("/api/ticket-service/ticket/query")
    public Result<TicketPageQueryRespDTO> pageListTicketQuery(TicketPageQueryReqDTO requestParam) {
        return Results.success(ticketService.pageListTicketQueryV1(requestParam));
    }

验证数据

查询列车数据 Service 实现层接口第一行代码，就是通过责任链模式验证数据是否必填以及城市

数据是否存在等执行逻辑。

ticketPageQueryAbstractChainContext.handler(TicketChainMarkEnum.TRAIN_QUERY_FILTER.name(), requestParam);

handler具体代码如下：

1. 检查相关数据是否为空或空的字符串，这个是最先被执行的：

/**
 * 查询列车车票流程过滤器之验证数据是否为空或空的字符串
 *
 * 
 */
@Component
public class TrainTicketQueryParamNotNullChainFilter implements TrainTicketQueryChainFilter<TicketPageQueryReqDTO> {

    @Override
    public void handler(TicketPageQueryReqDTO requestParam) {
        if (StrUtil.isBlank(requestParam.getFromStation())) {
            throw new ClientException("出发地不能为空");
        }
        if (StrUtil.isBlank(requestParam.getToStation())) {
            throw new ClientException("目的地不能为空");
        }
        if (requestParam.getDepartureDate() == null) {
            throw new ClientException("出发日期不能为空");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

2. 检查数据是否正确

/**
 * 查询列车车票流程过滤器之验证数据是否正确
 *
 * 
 */
@Component
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class TrainTicketQueryParamVerifyChainFilter implements TrainTicketQueryChainFilter<TicketPageQueryReqDTO> {

    private final RegionMapper regionMapper;
    private final StationMapper stationMapper;
    private final DistributedCache distributedCache;
    private final RedissonClient redissonClient;

    /**
     * 缓存数据为空并且已经加载过标识
     */
    private static boolean CACHE_DATA_ISNULL_AND_LOAD_FLAG = false;

    @Override
    public void handler(TicketPageQueryReqDTO requestParam) {
        StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = (StringRedisTemplate) distributedCache.getInstance();
        HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hashOperations = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash();
        List<Object> actualExistList = hashOperations.multiGet(
                QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST,
                ListUtil.toList(requestParam.getFromStation(), requestParam.getToStation())
        );
        long emptyCount = actualExistList.stream().filter(Objects::isNull).count();
        if (emptyCount == 0L) {
            return;
        }
        if (emptyCount == 1L || (emptyCount == 2L && CACHE_DATA_ISNULL_AND_LOAD_FLAG && distributedCache.hasKey(QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST))) {
            throw new ClientException("出发地或目的地不存在");
        }
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(LOCK_QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST);
        lock.lock();
        try {
            if (distributedCache.hasKey(QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST)) {
                actualExistList = hashOperations.multiGet(
                        QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST,
                        ListUtil.toList(requestParam.getFromStation(), requestParam.getToStation())
                );
                emptyCount = actualExistList.stream().filter(Objects::nonNull).count();
                if (emptyCount != 2L) {
                    throw new ClientException("出发地或目的地不存在");
                }
                return;
            }
            List<RegionDO> regionDOList = regionMapper.selectList(Wrappers.emptyWrapper());
            List<StationDO> stationDOList = stationMapper.selectList(Wrappers.emptyWrapper());
            HashMap<Object, Object> regionValueMap = Maps.newHashMap();
            for (RegionDO each : regionDOList) {
                regionValueMap.put(each.getCode(), each.getName());
            }
            for (StationDO each : stationDOList) {
                regionValueMap.put(each.getCode(), each.getName());
            }
            hashOperations.putAll(QUERY_ALL_REGION_LIST, regionValueMap);
            CACHE_DATA_ISNULL_AND_LOAD_FLAG = true;
            emptyCount = regionValueMap.keySet().stream()
                    .filter(each -> StrUtil.equalsAny(each.toString(), requestParam.getFromStation(), requestParam.getToStation()))
                    .count();
            if (emptyCount != 2L) {
                throw new ClientException("出发地或目的地不存在");
            }
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 20;
    }
}

加载城市数据

12306 站点查询实际功能中，比如你搜索了北京南到杭州东的搜索条件，它会帮你列出北京到杭州所有的列车车次。这个很好实现，直接通过站点关联到城市，通过城市查询列车即可。我们在缓存中，有一个 Hash 结构数据，专门负责保存列车站点 Code 值与城市之间的关联关系。

// 列车查询逻辑较为复杂，详细解析文章查看 https://nageoffer.com/12306/question
        // v1 版本存在严重的性能深渊问题，v2 版本完美的解决了该问题。通过 Jmeter 压测聚合报告得知，性能提升在 300% - 500%+
        List<Object> stationDetails = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash()
                .multiGet(REGION_TRAIN_STATION_MAPPING, Lists.newArrayList(requestParam.getFromStation(), requestParam.getToStation()));
        long count = stationDetails.stream().filter(Objects::isNull).count();
        if (count > 0) {
            RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(LOCK_REGION_TRAIN_STATION_MAPPING);
            lock.lock();
            try {
                stationDetails = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash()
                        .multiGet(REGION_TRAIN_STATION_MAPPING, Lists.newArrayList(requestParam.getFromStation(), requestParam.getToStation()));
                count = stationDetails.stream().filter(Objects::isNull).count();
                if (count > 0) {
                    List<StationDO> stationDOList = stationMapper.selectList(Wrappers.emptyWrapper());
                    Map<String, String> regionTrainStationMap = new HashMap<>();
                    stationDOList.forEach(each -> regionTrainStationMap.put(each.getCode(), each.getRegionName()));
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(REGION_TRAIN_STATION_MAPPING, regionTrainStationMap);
                    stationDetails = new ArrayList<>();
                    stationDetails.add(regionTrainStationMap.get(requestParam.getFromStation()));
                    stationDetails.add(regionTrainStationMap.get(requestParam.getToStation()));
                }
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }

查询列车站点信息

采用Redis而不是Elasticsearch，因为搜索只允许选择一天的出发日期。

同时在12306网站上尝试，虽然页面上有很多查询条件，但大多数条件都是由前端进行筛选，实际上并没有触发后端的请求，发现只有在点击“查询”按钮时才会真正触发后端的请求，而点击页面上的其他筛选条件并不会向后端发出请求。

列车站点数据存入 Redis 中，结构如下：

具体查询代码：

List<TicketListDTO> seatResults = new ArrayList<>();
        String buildRegionTrainStationHashKey = String.format(REGION_TRAIN_STATION, stationDetails.get(0), stationDetails.get(1));
        Map<Object, Object> regionTrainStationAllMap = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(buildRegionTrainStationHashKey);
        if (MapUtil.isEmpty(regionTrainStationAllMap)) {
            RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(LOCK_REGION_TRAIN_STATION);
            lock.lock();
            try {
                regionTrainStationAllMap = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(buildRegionTrainStationHashKey);
                if (MapUtil.isEmpty(regionTrainStationAllMap)) {
                    LambdaQueryWrapper<TrainStationRelationDO> queryWrapper = Wrappers.lambdaQuery(TrainStationRelationDO.class)
                            .eq(TrainStationRelationDO::getStartRegion, stationDetails.get(0))
                            .eq(TrainStationRelationDO::getEndRegion, stationDetails.get(1));
                    List<TrainStationRelationDO> trainStationRelationList = trainStationRelationMapper.selectList(queryWrapper);
                    for (TrainStationRelationDO each : trainStationRelationList) {
                        TrainDO trainDO = distributedCache.safeGet(
                                TRAIN_INFO + each.getTrainId(),
                                TrainDO.class,
                                () -> trainMapper.selectById(each.getTrainId()),
                                ADVANCE_TICKET_DAY,
                                TimeUnit.DAYS);
                        TicketListDTO result = new TicketListDTO();
                        result.setTrainId(String.valueOf(trainDO.getId()));
                        result.setTrainNumber(trainDO.getTrainNumber());
                        result.setDepartureTime(convertDateToLocalTime(each.getDepartureTime(), "HH:mm"));
                        result.setArrivalTime(convertDateToLocalTime(each.getArrivalTime(), "HH:mm"));
                        result.setDuration(DateUtil.calculateHourDifference(each.getDepartureTime(), each.getArrivalTime()));
                        result.setDeparture(each.getDeparture());
                        result.setArrival(each.getArrival());
                        result.setDepartureFlag(each.getDepartureFlag());
                        result.setArrivalFlag(each.getArrivalFlag());
                        result.setTrainType(trainDO.getTrainType());
                        result.setTrainBrand(trainDO.getTrainBrand());
                        if (StrUtil.isNotBlank(trainDO.getTrainTag())) {
                            result.setTrainTags(StrUtil.split(trainDO.getTrainTag(), ","));
                        }
                        long betweenDay = cn.hutool.core.date.DateUtil.betweenDay(each.getDepartureTime(), each.getArrivalTime(), false);
                        result.setDaysArrived((int) betweenDay);
                        result.setSaleStatus(new Date().after(trainDO.getSaleTime()) ? 0 : 1);
                        result.setSaleTime(convertDateToLocalTime(trainDO.getSaleTime(), "MM-dd HH:mm"));
                        seatResults.add(result);
                        regionTrainStationAllMap.put(CacheUtil.buildKey(String.valueOf(each.getTrainId()), each.getDeparture(), each.getArrival()), JSON.toJSONString(result));
                    }
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(buildRegionTrainStationHashKey, regionTrainStationAllMap);
                }
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }

查询出来列车基本信息后，开始对列车按照出发时间进行排序。

seatResults = CollUtil.isEmpty(seatResults)
                ? regionTrainStationAllMap.values().stream().map(each -> JSON.parseObject(each.toString(), TicketListDTO.class)).toList()
                : seatResults;
seatResults = seatResults.stream().sorted(new TimeStringComparator()).toList();

查询列车余票信息

列车基本信息已经全部填充完毕了，接下来就是查询列车余票信息并填充到基本信息中。

列车余票数据是实时变更的，如果在存储到基本信息中，就没办法变更了，所以单独存储。

for (TicketListDTO each : seatResults) {
            String trainStationPriceStr = distributedCache.safeGet(
                    String.format(TRAIN_STATION_PRICE, each.getTrainId(), each.getDeparture(), each.getArrival()),
                    String.class,
                    () -> {
                        LambdaQueryWrapper<TrainStationPriceDO> trainStationPriceQueryWrapper = Wrappers.lambdaQuery(TrainStationPriceDO.class)
                                .eq(TrainStationPriceDO::getDeparture, each.getDeparture())
                                .eq(TrainStationPriceDO::getArrival, each.getArrival())
                                .eq(TrainStationPriceDO::getTrainId, each.getTrainId());
                        return JSON.toJSONString(trainStationPriceMapper.selectList(trainStationPriceQueryWrapper));
                    },
                    ADVANCE_TICKET_DAY,
                    TimeUnit.DAYS
            );
            List<TrainStationPriceDO> trainStationPriceDOList = JSON.parseArray(trainStationPriceStr, TrainStationPriceDO.class);
            List<SeatClassDTO> seatClassList = new ArrayList<>();
            trainStationPriceDOList.forEach(item -> {
                String seatType = String.valueOf(item.getSeatType());
                String keySuffix = StrUtil.join("_", each.getTrainId(), item.getDeparture(), item.getArrival());
                Object quantityObj = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().get(TRAIN_STATION_REMAINING_TICKET + keySuffix, seatType);
                int quantity = Optional.ofNullable(quantityObj)
                        .map(Object::toString)
                        .map(Integer::parseInt)
                        .orElseGet(() -> {
                            Map<String, String> seatMarginMap = seatMarginCacheLoader.load(String.valueOf(each.getTrainId()), seatType, item.getDeparture(), item.getArrival());
                            return Optional.ofNullable(seatMarginMap.get(String.valueOf(item.getSeatType()))).map(Integer::parseInt).orElse(0);
                        });
                seatClassList.add(new SeatClassDTO(item.getSeatType(), quantity, new BigDecimal(item.getPrice()).divide(new BigDecimal("100"), 1, RoundingMode.HALF_UP), false));
            });
            each.setSeatClassList(seatClassList);
        }

构建列车返回数据

查看 12306 列车查询页可知，会存在不同的查询条件，这些查询条件都是通过本次查询所有列车数据构建出来的。不同地区的不同查询列车数据，车次类型、出发车站、到达车站以及车次席别都不同。

接下来就是通过构建者模式构建列车查询返回数据。

return TicketPageQueryRespDTO.builder()
                .trainList(seatResults)
                .departureStationList(buildDepartureStationList(seatResults))
                .arrivalStationList(buildArrivalStationList(seatResults))
                .trainBrandList(buildTrainBrandList(seatResults))
                .seatClassTypeList(buildSeatClassList(seatResults))
                .build();