Java Swing 学习笔记

Java Swing class hierarchy

The class JComponent, descended directly from Container, is the root class for most of Swing’s user interface components.

JFrame：

JFrame Features

It’s a window with title, border, (optional) menu bar and user-specified components.
It can be moved, resized, iconified.
It is not a subclass of JComponent.
Delegates responsibility of managing user-specified components to a content pane, an instance of JPanel.

Crating a JFrame Window

Step 1: Construct an object of the JFrame class.

Step 2: Set the size of the Jframe.

Step 3: Set the title of the Jframe to appear in the title bar (title bar will be blank if no title is set).

Step 4: Set the default close operation. When the user clicks the close button, the program stops running.

Step 5: Make the Jframe visible

例子：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

	public static void main(String s[]) {
		JFrame frame = new JFrame("JFrame Source Demo");
		// Add a window listner for close button
		frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

			public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
				System.exit(0);
			}
		});
		// This is an empty content area in the frame
		JLabel jlbempty = new JLabel("");
		jlbempty.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(175, 100));
		frame.getContentPane().add(jlbempty, BorderLayout.CENTER);
		frame.pack();
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}
}

关于Pack方法：
在 Frame 类中有一个从类 java.awt.Window 继承的方法 pack() 。pack最初在window类中定义的，就是让容器适应内部控件的大小，   比如你在对话框上显示一个图片，就可以让对话框根据当前图片的大小来调整自己的大小。    当然，如果调用了pack()之后又对这个容器强制使用setSize(),那么pack()将失效。   

public void pack()
调整此窗口的大小，以适合其子组件的首选大小和布局。如果该窗口和/或其所有者仍不可显示，则两者在计算首选大小之前变得可显示。在计算首选大小之后，将会验证该 Window。

JInternalFrame

A JInternalFrame is confined to a visible area of a container it is placed in. JInternalFrame a top level swing component that has a contentpane.

• It can be iconified — in this case the icon remains in the main application container.
• It can be maximized — Frame consumes the main application
• It can be closed using standard popup window controls
• It can be layered

Frame is the basic top-level "frame" component used by Swing applications. JInternalFrame is used by Swing applications to show "frames" inside a JDesktopPane. This is used for Multiple Document Interface applications.

例子：

package swing;

import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
import javax.swing.JDesktopPane;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JInternalFrameDemo extends JFrame {

    JDesktopPane jdpDesktop;
    static int openFrameCount = 0;
    public JInternalFrameDemo() {
        super("JInternalFrame Usage Demo");
        // Make the main window positioned as 50 pixels from each edge of the
        // screen.
        int inset = 50;
        Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        setBounds(inset, inset, screenSize.width - inset * 2,
                screenSize.height - inset * 2);
        // Add a Window Exit Listener
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        // Create and Set up the GUI.
        jdpDesktop = new JDesktopPane();
        // A specialized layered pane to be used with JInternalFrames
        createFrame(); // Create first window
        setContentPane(jdpDesktop);
        setJMenuBar(createMenuBar());
        // Make dragging faster by setting drag mode to Outline
        jdpDesktop.putClientProperty("JDesktopPane.dragMode", "outline");
    }
    protected JMenuBar createMenuBar() {
        JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
        JMenu menu = new JMenu("Frame");
        menu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_N);
        JMenuItem menuItem = new JMenuItem("New IFrame");
        menuItem.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_N);
        menuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                createFrame();
            }
        });
        menu.add(menuItem);
        menuBar.add(menu);
        return menuBar;
    }
    protected void createFrame() {
        MyInternalFrame frame = new MyInternalFrame();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        // Every JInternalFrame must be added to content pane using JDesktopPane
        jdpDesktop.add(frame);
        try {
            frame.setSelected(true);
        } catch (java.beans.PropertyVetoException e) {
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JInternalFrameDemo frame = new JInternalFrameDemo();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    class MyInternalFrame extends JInternalFrame {

        static final int xPosition = 30, yPosition = 30;
        public MyInternalFrame() {
            super("IFrame #" + (++openFrameCount), true, // resizable
                    true, // closable
                    true, // maximizable
                    true);// iconifiable
            setSize(300, 300);
            // Set the window's location.
            setLocation(xPosition * openFrameCount, yPosition
                    * openFrameCount);
        }
    }
}