JPA关于fetch=FetchType.EAGER级联删除的问题

今天做练习的遇到了一个问题，下面重现一下错误的场景：

下面是一个Base pojo，里面包含有多个Item pojo。这里我想要在查询base的时候可以把所有的item都查出来。

所以这里使用FetchType=EAGER，会立即引起相关联实体的加载动作，就是为了能够及时抓取所有的Item。

如果使用FetchType=LAZY，就会加载不到Base的所有Iteam。

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
@Table(name="Bases")
public class Base {
    @Id
    @GenericGenerator(strategy="uuid",name="uuid")
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
    private String id;

    private String baseName;


    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "base",cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private Set<Item> items = new HashSet<Item>();


    public Base(){

    }


    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Set<Item> getItems() {
        return items;
    }

    public void setItems(Set<Item> items) {
        this.items = items;
    }

    public String getBaseName() {
        return baseName;
    }

    public void setBaseName(String baseName) {
        this.baseName = baseName;
    }
}

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "Items")
public class Item {
    @Id
    @GenericGenerator(strategy="uuid",name="uuid")
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
    private String id;

    private String itemName;


    private Integer itemNum;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="b_id")
    private Base base;


    public Base getBase() {
        return base;
    }

    public void setBase(Base base) {
        this.base = base;
    }

    public Item(){

    }


    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getItemName() {
        return itemName;
    }

    public void setItemName(String itemName) {
        this.itemName = itemName;
    }


    public Integer getItemNum() {
        return itemNum;
    }

    public void setItemNum(Integer itemNum) {
        this.itemNum = itemNum;
    }
}

结果在测试删除item的时候，发现无法删除。但是在删除base的时候是可以级联删除掉item的，而在删除item的时候，控制台只打印出两次select语句，并没有执行删除操作。。

  @Test
    public void deleteItem(){
        ItemServiceImpl itemService = context.getBean(ItemServiceImpl.class);
        String id = "8a5e9d4464f06f6b0164f06f6d950002";
        String deleteId = itemService.deleteItem(id);
        Assert.assertTrue(deleteId.equals(id));
    }

下面是service层：

 @Transactional
    @Override
    public String deleteItem(String id) {
        return itemDao.deleteItem(id);
    }

下面是dao层：

    @Override
    public String deleteItem(String id) {
        Item item = em.getReference(Item.class, id);
        em.remove(item);
        return id;
    }

结果最后控制台只打印了两次select语句：

Hibernate: select item0_.id as id1_1_0_, item0_.b_id as b_id4_1_0_, item0_.itemName as itemName2_1_0_, item0_.itemNum as itemNum3_1_0_, base1_.id as id1_0_1_, base1_.baseName as baseName2_0_1_ from Items item0_, Bases base1_ where item0_.b_id=base1_.id(+) and item0_.id=?

Hibernate: select items0_.b_id as b_id4_1_0_, items0_.id as id1_1_0_, items0_.id as id1_1_1_, items0_.b_id as b_id4_1_1_, items0_.itemName as itemName2_1_1_, items0_.itemNum as itemNum3_1_1_ from Items items0_ where items0_.b_id=?

 之所以打印出两次select语句，是因为@ManyToOne的FetchType默认是FetchType.EAGER

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ManyToOne {
    Class targetEntity() default void.class;

    CascadeType[] cascade() default {};

    FetchType fetch() default FetchType.EAGER;

    boolean optional() default true;
}

所以在dao层中Item item = em.getReference(Item.class, id);，查询item的时候，就会加载关联的base的数据。

而@OneToMany的FetchType默认是FetchType.LAZY

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface OneToMany {
    Class targetEntity() default void.class;

    CascadeType[] cascade() default {};

    FetchType fetch() default FetchType.LAZY;

    String mappedBy() default "";

    boolean orphanRemoval() default false;
}

解决方法：将@oneToMany中的fetch=FetchType.EAGER注释掉就可了。

 

但是我就是想要及时加载所有的Item数据，这种时候该怎么解决，后来尝试了很多方式，总于找到解决方法

解决方法就是把@ManyToOne的FetchType设置为FetchType.LAZY

@Entity
@Table(name = "Items")
public class Item {
    @Id
    @GenericGenerator(strategy="uuid",name="uuid")
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
    private String id;

    private String itemName;


    private Integer itemNum;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)//加上LAZY
    @JoinColumn(name="b_id")
    private Base base;


    public Base getBase() {
        return base;
    }

    public void setBase(Base base) {
        this.base = base;
    }

    public Item(){

    }


    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getItemName() {
        return itemName;
    }

    public void setItemName(String itemName) {
        this.itemName = itemName;
    }


    public Integer getItemNum() {
        return itemNum;
    }

    public void setItemNum(Integer itemNum) {
        this.itemNum = itemNum;
    }
}

测试：

Hibernate: select item0_.id as id1_1_0_, item0_.b_id as b_id4_1_0_, item0_.itemName as itemName2_1_0_, item0_.itemNum as itemNum3_1_0_ from Items item0_ where item0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from Items where id=?

虽然经过很多尝试找到解决方法，但是还是不太明白为什么会使用FetchType.EAGER就导致无法删除，再慢慢研究吧，研究出来以后会贴出来，也希望有人可以解答我的疑惑。。