Spring Cloud Eureka服务的注册与发现

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-13 09:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Cloud

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cckevincyh/article/details/86553201

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服务提供者与消费关系

服务提供者:提供服务被人调用

消费者:调用被人服务

服务的注册与发现(Eureka )

在这里，我们需要用的的组件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一个服务注册和发现模块

什么是Eureka

官方的介绍在这里Eureka wiki。Eureka是Netflix开源的一个RESTful服务，主要用于服务的注册发现。Eureka由两个组件组成：Eureka服务器和Eureka客户端。Eureka服务器用作服务注册服务器。Eureka客户端是一个java客户端，用来简化与服务器的交互、作为轮询负载均衡器，并提供服务的故障切换支持。Netflix在其生产环境中使用的是另外的客户端，它提供基于流量、资源利用率以及出错状态的加权负载均衡。
在我看来，Eureka的吸引力来源于以下几点：

开源：大家可以对实现一探究竟，甚至修改源码。

可靠：经过Netflix多年的生产环境考验，使用应该比较靠谱省心

功能齐全：不但提供了完整的注册发现服务，还有Ribbon等可以配合使用的服务。

基于Java：对于Java程序员来说，使用起来，心里比较有底。

spring cloud可以使用Spring Cloud, 与Eureka进行了很好的集成，使用起来非常方便。

实现服务注册

创建EureKaserver 项目

Maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cc.eureka</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--eureka server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring boot test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

配置application.yml

server:
  port: 8888
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

启动EurekaServer

package com.cc.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApp.class, args);
    }
}

打开eureka server 界面

No application available 没有服务被发现
因为没有注册服务当然不可能有服务被发现了.

实现案例订单服务调用会员服务查询用户信息

服务提供者

创建一个服务提供者会员服务工程 (eurekaMember),提供会员查询服务信息

创建项目service-member

Maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cc.menber</groupId>
    <artifactId>service-member</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

application.yml配置

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/
server:
  port: 8762
spring:
  application:
    name: service-member

需要指明spring.application.name,这个很重要，这在以后的服务与服务之间相互调用一般都是根据这个name 。

服务接口

package com.cc.member;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class MemberController {

    @RequestMapping("/getUserList")
    public List<String> getUserList() {
        List<String> listUser = new ArrayList<String>();
        listUser.add("zhangsan");
        listUser.add("lisi");
        listUser.add("yushengjun");
        return listUser;
    }

}

发布服务

通过注解@EnableEurekaClient 表明自己是一个eurekaclient.

package com.cc.member;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient

public class AppMember {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(AppMember.class, args);
	}
}

启动mumber项目之后

你会发现一个服务已经注册在服务中了

这时打开 http://127.0.0.1:8762/getUserList ，你会在浏览器上看到 :

服务消费者

创建项目sercice-order

Maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cc.order</groupId>
    <artifactId>order-server</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

application.yml配置

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/
server:
  port: 8764
spring:
  application:
    name: service-order

编写service,调用service-member

package com.cc.order;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class MemberService {
	@Autowired
	RestTemplate restTemplate;

	public List getOrderByUserList() {
		return restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-member/getUserList", List.class);
	}	
}

package com.cc.order;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private MemberService memberService;

    @RequestMapping("/getOrderByUserList")
    public List<String> getOrderByUserList(){
        return memberService.getOrderByUserList();
    }
}

package com.cc.order;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class AppOrder {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(AppOrder.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

}

在工程的启动类中,通过@EnableDiscoveryClient向服务中心注册；

并且向程序的ioc注入一个bean: restTemplate;并通过@LoadBalanced注解表明这个restRemplate开启负载均衡的功能。

启动order服务

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Spring Cloud Eureka服务的注册与发现

服务提供者与消费关系服务提供者:提供服务被人调用消费者:调用被人服务服务的注册与发现(Eureka )在这里，我们需要用的的组件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一个服务注册和发现模块什么是Eureka官方的介绍在这里Eureka wiki。Eureka是Netflix开源的一个RESTful服务，主要用于服务的注册发...
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