uImage/zImage/Image/vmlinx四者之间关系

vmlinx--->objcopy--->Image--->gzip--->arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinx--->objcopy--->zImage--->mkimage--->uImage

vmlinux是未经压缩的可执行文件
zImage是压缩的可执行文件：压缩vmlinux后，uImage在zImage前添加64字节头部信息
uImage其实就是用于给uboot引导的zImage

uImage镜像文件

1.在内核源码顶层目录下打开Makefile文件，搜索uImage,发现没有目标，猜测在Makefile中包含其他路径的Makefile文件
    596 include arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile = arch/arm/Makefile
2.进入arch/arm目录下，打开Makefile文件，搜索uImage，打印每个变量信息
    323 $(BOOT_TARGETS): vmlinux
    324    $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(boot) MACHINE=$(MACHINE) $(boot)/$@
打印信息内容：
    @
    -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj
    arch/arm/boot
    
    uImage
    make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot MACHINE=arch/arm/boot/uImage
3.进入内核源码/scripts/Makefile.build文件，搜索uImage
     6 src := $(obj)=arch/arm/boot
     42 kbuild-dir := $(if $(filter /%,$(src)),$(src),$(srctree)/$(src))  kbuild-dir :=$(src)
     43 kbuild-file := $(if $(wildcard $(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild),$(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild,$(kbuild-dir)/Makefile)
          kbuild-file := $(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild和$(kbuild-dir)/Makefile
     44 include $(kbuild-file) ：将 arch/arm/boot/Makefile和当前的Makfile.build文件合并
4.进入内核源码arch/arm/boot/,打开Makefile文件，搜索uImage
     89 $(obj)/uImage:  $(obj)/zImage FORCE
     90     @$(check_for_multiple_loadaddr) ------->检测uImage镜像文件的入口地址
     91     $(call if_changed,uimage)------->call:调用if_changed命令,makefile中固定的用法
5. 入内核源码arch/arm/boot/,打开Makefile文件，指定LOADADDR这个变量的信息，将加载的地址赋值    
     70 LOADADDR = 0xc2000000     -------> 需要添加内容                                                                                 
     71 ifneq ($(LOADADDR),)
     72   UIMAGE_LOADADDR=$(LOADADDR)
6.进入内核源码scripts/Kbuild.include目录下，搜索:if_changed
    218 if_changed = $(if $(newer-prereqs)$(cmd-check),                              
    219     $(cmd);                                                              

    183 cmd = @set -e; $(echo-cmd) $($(quiet)redirect) $(cmd_$(1))
    @set -e:在执行的时候有错误就直接退出
    $(cmd_$(1)) = cmd_uimage
7. 进入内核源码scripts/Makefile.lib目录下,搜索cmd_uimage
        398       cmd_uimage = $(BASH) $(MKIMAGE) -A $(UIMAGE_ARCH) -O linux \
        399             -C $(UIMAGE_COMPRESSION) $(UIMAGE_OPTS-y) \
        400             -T $(UIMAGE_TYPE) \
        401             -a $(UIMAGE_LOADADDR) -e $(UIMAGE_ENTRYADDR) \
        402             -n $(UIMAGE_NAME) -d $< $@
    解析：
     385 MKIMAGE := ./scripts/mkuboot.sh    
     cmd_uimage = /usr/bin/mkimage -A arm -O linux -C gzip -T kernel -n uImage -d zImage
7.uImage和zImage之间关系？
    1）uImage使用在zImage使用mkimage工具得到的，uImage在zImage前添加64字节头部信息
   

zImage镜像文件

1.进入内核源码arch/arm/boot/,打开Makefile文件，搜索zImage
     66 $(obj)/zImage:  $(obj)/compressed/vmlinux FORCE                                                               
     67     $(call if_changed,objcopy) ---->cmd_objcopy
    267 cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy $(obj)/compressed/vmlinux zImage
2.zImage和arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux关系？
    zImage是通过vmlinux格式化转换为的文件

compressed/vmlinux文件

1.进入内核源码arch/arm/boot/,打开Makefile文件，搜索vmlinux
     63 $(obj)/compressed/vmlinux: $(obj)/Image FORCE                                                                 
     64     $(Q) $(MAKE) $(build)=$(obj)/compressed $@
    执行命令：make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot/compressed arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux
2.进入内核源码arch/arm/boot/compressed,打开Makefile文件，搜索vmlinux
        178 $(obj)/vmlinux: $(obj)/vmlinux.lds $(obj)/$(HEAD) $(obj)/piggy.o \
        179         $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(OBJS)) $(lib1funcs) $(ashldi3) \
        180         $(bswapsdi2) $(efi-obj-y) FORCE
  
        182     $(call if_changed,ld) ---->cmd_ld
        arch/arm/boot/vmlinux.lds head.o piggy.o  debug.o lib1funcs.o lib1funcs.S ashldi3.S bswapsdi2.S hyp-stub.S bswapsdi2.o lib.a
        arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld vmlinux.lds head.o piggy.o  debug.o lib1funcs.o lib1funcs.S ashldi3.S bswapsdi2.S hyp-stub.S bswapsdi2.o lib.a -o vmlinux
        185 $(obj)/piggy_data: $(obj)/../Image FORCE
        186     $(call if_changed,$(gzip)) ----->调用cmd_gzip

        188 $(obj)/piggy.o: $(obj)/piggy_data
3.进入内核源码scripts/Makefile.lib目录下,搜索cmd_gzip
         cmd_gzip =  $(KGZIP) -n -f -9 > $@ = gzip Image > vmlinx
4.rch/arm/boot/compressedvmlinux文件和Image之间关系
    将Image镜像文件经过gzip压缩生成rch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinx镜像文件

Image镜像文件

1.进入内核源码arch/arm/boot/compressed,打开Makefile文件，搜索Image
     60 $(obj)/Image: vmlinux FORCE
     61     $(call if_changed,objcopy)   ----->调用cmd_objcopy  
2.Image和内核顶层目录下vmlinx关系
    vmlinux通过objcopy格式化转换为Image