SpringBoot打包成War包,部署到tomcat运行

SpringBoot本身内置了tomcat容器,可以打包成jar运行,如果想要打包成war包,需要稍微修改下项目配置.

1. 修改pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>

	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
		<skipTests>true</skipTests>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
			<!-- 排除Spring 自带的Tomcat 否则将会显示404错误-->
			<!--<exclusions>-->
				<!--<exclusion>-->
					<!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
					<!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>-->
				<!--</exclusion>-->
			<!--</exclusions>-->
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!--支持jsp解析-->
		<!--<dependency>-->
			<!--<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>-->
			<!--<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>-->
		<!--</dependency>-->
		<!--<dependency>-->
			<!--<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>-->
			<!--<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>-->
		<!--</dependency>-->
		<!--<dependency>-->
			<!--<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>-->
			<!--<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>-->
		<!--</dependency>-->
		<!--<dependency>-->
			<!--<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>-->
			<!--<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>-->
		<!--</dependency>-->
		
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<finalName>demo</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

主要修改是packaging标签修改打包类型为war、build标签下增加finalName(发布后war包名称、也是部署到tomcat后的站点名称)

网上很多资料都说需要排除spring-boot-starter-web包下的tomcat引用,否则会出现404错误,但是我在不排除的情况下依然部署成功.

另外如果前端页面是jsp,则需要增加jsp解析支持.

2. 修改启动类

package com.example;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

	//重写configure 从而使Tomcat识别启动类
	@Override
	protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
		return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
	}

}

启动类继承SpringBootServletInitializer,并重写configure方法

Ps.1 部署到tomcat后的端口问题
war包部署到tomcat后,Springboot配置的端口可以与tomcat端口不同,但访问的是tomcat端口.
所以单项目应该可以不在Springboot中配置端口信息,但如果是SpringCloud项目,则Springboot需要配置端口,否则注册中心可能识别到错误的端口.

Ps.2 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager

项目在本地开发环境运行正常,按以上方法打包成war包部署到tomcat,启动后报错:

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager

网上查到的资料大都说将apache-tomcat/lib目录下，el-api.jar放到Java/jre/lib/ext下,或者说el-api.jar需要使用3.0以上版本才有javax/el/ELManager.但试过都无效.

问题原因
编译器(我使用的是IDEA 2018 mac版本)的el-api.jar跟tomcat el-api.jar 包有差异.

解决方法
进入编译器的安装目录,找到 /lib/rt/jasper2.1目录,将里面的el-api.jar 拷贝覆盖tomcat/lib目录下的el-api.jar即可

如果还是报错,则同时覆盖jdk /jre/lib/ext目录下的el-api.jar(我自己的环境没有替换jdk下的包,但运行成功)