Failed to reboot system via logind: Interactive authentication required

1. reboot 失败

In Linux system root is the highest privileged administrator account. In order to reboot or shutdown we need root privileges.

privilege [ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ]：n. 特权，荣幸，特殊利益，优惠待遇，特殊待遇，荣耀，光荣，免责特权 vt. 给予特权，特别优待
administrator [ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)]：n. 管理员，(公司、机构的) 管理人员，行政人员

If we try to reboot without this privileges we will get errors like following:
Failed to set wall message, ignoring: Interactive authentication required.
无法设置 wall message，忽略：需要交互式身份验证。

Failed to reboot system via logind: Interactive authentication required.
无法通过 logind 重新启动系统：需要交互式身份验证。

Failed to start reboot.target: Interactive authentication required.

See system logs and ‘systemctl status reboot.target’ for details.

Failed to open /dev/initctl: Permission denied
无法打开 /dev/initctl：权限被拒绝

Failed to talk to init daemon.
无法与 init 守护进程对话。

deepnorth@deepnorth-amax:~$ reboot
Failed to set wall message, ignoring: Interactive authentication required.
Failed to reboot system via logind: Interactive authentication required.
Failed to start reboot.target: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status reboot.target' for details.
Failed to open /dev/initctl: Permission denied
Failed to talk to init daemon.
deepnorth@deepnorth-amax:~$
deepnorth@deepnorth-amax:~$ sudo reboot

2. sudo reboot

So we have provide root privileges with the sudo command like below.

deepnorth@deepnorth-amax:~$ sudo reboot

daemon [ˈdiːmən]：n. 守护进程，后台程序

References

[1] Yongqiang Cheng, https://yongqiang.blog.csdn.net/