python常用图片格式批量转换

前言

直接上代码了哈

一、使用步骤

1.引入库

代码如下（示例）：

import random
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import os
from datetime import datetime

# from wand.image import Image

2.主代码

代码如下（示例）：

# 定义全局变量
image_list = []
choose_radio_value = 'jpg'

"""
askopenfilename函数：打开文件对话框，用于选择一个文件，返回文件路径，类型为字符串
askopenfilenames函数：打开文件对话框，用于选择多个文件，返回一个元组，包括所有选择文件的路径
"""


# 打开特定目录
def open_directory():
    current_folder = os.getcwd()  # 获取当前文件夹（作为默认文件夹）
    current_folder = f"{current_folder}\\data"
    save_file_directory = current_folder  # 文件保存目录 （如果不存在则使用默认目录）
    if not os.path.exists(save_file_directory):
        os.makedirs(save_file_directory)
    save_dir = os.path.dirname(f"{save_file_directory}/")
    # print(save_dir)
    os.system('start ' + save_dir)


def create_image_label(frame2, img_path, row, column):
    img = Image.open(img_path)
    img = img.resize((100, 100), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)  # 假设我们要显示的图片大小为100x100
    photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
    label = Label(frame2, image=photo)
    label.image = photo  # 防止图片被垃圾回收
    label.grid(row=row, column=column)


def upload_images():
    global image_list
    # 读取图片打开图片
    filetypes = [
        ('All files', '*'),
        ('JPG files', '*.jpg'),
        ('PNG files', '*.png'),
    ]

    image_list = askopenfilenames(title='Open an image file', filetypes=filetypes)

    file_num = len(image_list)
    if file_num > 20:
        messagebox.showinfo('提示', '一次性最多转化20张哦！')
        return False
    if image_list:
        clear_image()  # 若重新选择了东西则，清空控件

    # 初始化行和列索引
    row, column = 0, 0
    for img_path in image_list:
        create_image_label(frame2, img_path, row, column)
        column += 1
        # 当列索引超过最大列数时，进行换行，并重置列索引
        if column >= 10:  # 假设最大列数为10，需要你根据实际情况调整
            row += 1
            column = 0


def clear_image():
    # 遍历删除Frame内的所有控件
    for widget in frame2.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()


def on_radio_click():
    global choose_radio_value
    choose_radio_value = radio_value.get()
    # pass
    # print("Selected:", radio_value.get())


# 获取文件格式
def get_format(filename):
    file_format = filename.split(".")[-1]
    return file_format


#  python 获取随机10位数字字符串作为文件名
def generate_random_filename(length=10):
    digits = [str(i) for i in range(10)]
    random_digits = ''.join(random.choices(digits, k=length))
    return random_digits


# 转jpg
def convert_to_jpg(image_path, jpg_image_path):
    with Image.open(image_path) as image:
        image.convert('RGB').save(jpg_image_path, 'JPEG', quality=100)


# 转png
def convert_to_png(image_path, png_image_path):
    with Image.open(image_path) as image:
        image.convert('RGB').save(png_image_path, 'PNG', quality=100)


def convert_to_bmp(image_path, bmp_image_path):
    with Image.open(image_path) as image:
        image.convert('RGB').save(bmp_image_path, 'BMP', quality=100)


def convert_to_tif(image_path, tif_image_path):
    with Image.open(image_path) as image:
        image.convert('RGB').save(tif_image_path, 'TIFF', quality=100)


# 在Python中，可以使用wand库将图片转换为EMF格式。首先需要安装wand库：pip install Wand
# 本地电脑还需要安装  ImageMagick 软件
# def convert_to_emf(image_path, emf_image_path):
#     with Image.open(image_path) as img:
#         img.format = 'emf'
#         img.save(emf_image_path)


def convert_to_ico(image_path, ico_image_path):
    with Image.open(image_path) as image:
        image.convert('RGB').save(ico_image_path, format="ICO")


# 开始转换
def change_format():
    # 从之前定义的全局变量中获取图片列表值
    global image_list
    global choose_radio_value
    if len(image_list) == 0:
        messagebox.showinfo('提示', '请先选择图片!')
    # print(image_list)
    # print(choose_radio_value)
    for item in image_list:
        # print(get_format(item))
        transform_format = choose_radio_value  # 需要转化的格式
        # print(transform_format)
        match transform_format:
            case 'jpg':
                convert_to_jpg(item, f'./data/{generate_random_filename()}.jpg')
            case 'png':
                convert_to_png(item, f'./data/{generate_random_filename()}.png')
            case 'bmp':
                convert_to_bmp(item, f'./data/{generate_random_filename()}.bmp')
            case 'tif':
                convert_to_tif(item, f'./data/{generate_random_filename()}.tif')
            case 'ico':
                convert_to_ico(item, f'./data/{generate_random_filename()}.ico')

    messagebox.showinfo('提示', '转化完成！')


root = Tk()
root.title('图片格式批量转化')
root.geometry('1060x650+500+300')

frame = Frame(root, pady=10)
frame.pack()
# 上传图片
upload_button = Button(frame, text="上传图片(可多选)", command=upload_images)
upload_button.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=10)

# 新创建一个frame2 （更换图片时可以删除里面的所有控件）
frame2 = Frame(root, pady=10, bg='white')
frame2.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=True, padx=10)

# 新创建一个frame3 (用于存放所有格式选项)
frame3 = Frame(root, pady=10)
frame3.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=True)
# 定义一个元祖数据
img_format = [
    ("JPG", "jpg"),
    ("BMP", "bmp"),
    ("PNG", "png"),
    ("TIF", "tif"),
    # ("emf", "emf"),
    # ("wmf", "wmf"),
    ("ICO", "ico"),

]
format_label = Label(frame3, text='转化格式:', width=10, bg='white')
format_label.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
radio_value = StringVar()
radio_value.set('jpg')  # 默认选择
# index = 1  # 造一个自增键
# 初始化行和列索引
Radio_row, Radio_column = 0, 1
for value, data_id in img_format:  # 解构
    b = Radiobutton(frame3, text=value, variable=radio_value, value=data_id, command=on_radio_click, font=("微软雅黑", 15))
    b.grid(row=Radio_row, column=Radio_column, padx=(20, 0), pady=5)
    Radio_column += 1
    # 当列索引超过最大列数时，进行换行，并重置列索引
    if Radio_column >= 8:  # 假设最大列数为8，需要你根据实际情况调整
        Radio_row += 1
        Radio_column = 1

frame4 = Frame(root, pady=10)
frame4.pack()
transform_button = Button(frame4, text="开始转换", command=change_format)
transform_button.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=(0, 100))

directory_button = Button(frame4, text="打开目录", command=open_directory)
directory_button.grid(row=0, column=1)

root.mainloop()

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总结