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NSDictionary和NSMutableDictionary属于字典类,类似于java中的map,里面存储的是key-value键值对。
NSDictionary是不可改变的字典,也就是说一旦初始化后,里面的键值对只有查询的份了。
如果要对键值对进行“增删查改”的话,就得用NSMutableDictionary。
详细操作介绍如下:
//创建字典
NSDictionary *dic1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"value" forKey:@"key"];
NSLog(@"dic1 :%@", dic1);
//创建多个字典
NSDictionary *dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
@"value1", @"key1",
@"value2", @"key2",
@"value3", @"key3",
@"value4", @"key4",
nil];
NSLog(@"dic2 :%@", dic2);
//根据现有的字典创建字典
NSDictionary *dic3 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:dic2];
NSLog(@"dic3 :%@", dic3);
//根据key获取value
NSLog(@"key3 value :%@", [dic3 objectForKey:@"key3"]);
//获取字典数量
NSLog(@"dic count :%d", dic3.count);
//所有的键集合
NSArray *keys = [dic3 allKeys];
NSLog(@"keys :%@", keys);
//所有值集合
NSArray *values = [dic3 allValues];
NSLog(@"values :%@", values);
NSMutableDictionary *mutableDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:
@"mvalue1", @"mkey1",
@"mvalue2", @"mkey2", nil];
//添加现有的字典数据
[mutableDic addEntriesFromDictionary:dic3];
NSLog(@"mutableDic :%@",mutableDic);
//添加新的键值对象
[mutableDic setValue:@"set1" forKey:@"setKey1"];
NSLog(@"set value for key :%@",mutableDic);
//以新的字典数据覆盖旧的字典数据
[mutableDic setDictionary:dic2];
NSLog(@" set dictionary :%@",mutableDic);
//根据key删除value
[mutableDic removeObjectForKey:@"key1"];
NSLog(@"removeForkey :%@",mutableDic);
//快速遍历
for(id key in mutableDic) {
NSLog(@"key :%@ value :%@", key, [mutableDic objectForKey:key]);
}
//枚举遍历
NSEnumerator *enumerator = [mutableDic keyEnumerator];
id key = [enumerator nextObject];
while (key) {
NSLog(@"enumerator :%@", [mutableDic objectForKey:key]);
key = [enumerator nextObject];
}
//根据key数组删除元素
[mutableDic removeObjectsForKeys:keys];
NSLog(@"removeObjectsForKeys :%@",mutableDic);
[mutableDic removeAllObjects];
//删除所有元素
NSLog(@"remove all :%@", mutableDic);
结果:
2016-11-24 14:46:25.725 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] Hello, World!
2016-11-24 14:46:25.731 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] dic1 :{
key = value;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.732 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] dic2 :{
key1 = value1;
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.733 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] dic3 :{
key1 = value1;
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.734 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] key3 value :value3
2016-11-24 14:46:25.734 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] dic count :4
2016-11-24 14:46:25.735 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] keys :(
key3,
key1,
key4,
key2
)
2016-11-24 14:46:25.735 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] values :(
value3,
value1,
value4,
value2
)
2016-11-24 14:46:25.735 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] mutableDic :{
key1 = value1;
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
mkey1 = mvalue1;
mkey2 = mvalue2;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.735 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] set value for key :{
key1 = value1;
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
mkey1 = mvalue1;
mkey2 = mvalue2;
setKey1 = set1;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.736 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] set dictionary :{
key1 = value1;
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.888 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] removeForkey :{
key2 = value2;
key3 = value3;
key4 = value4;
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] key :key2 value :value2
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] key :key3 value :value3
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] key :key4 value :value4
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] enumerator :value2
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] enumerator :value3
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] enumerator :value4
2016-11-24 14:46:25.889 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] removeObjectsForKeys :{
}
2016-11-24 14:46:25.891 dictionaryTest[1905:72894] remove all :{
}
Program ended with exit code: 0