c++遍历创建文件目录

Linux的目录操作一般流程为：打开目录-读取目录（中的文件）-关闭目录。相应的函数为opendir-readdir-closedir，其原型都在/usr/include/dirent.h中定义。
原型：
#include <dirent.h> 
DIR *opendir(const char *dirname); 
struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp); 
int closedir(DIR *dirp);

DIR是directory stream，opendir函数返回dir流类型并供读取函数readdir调用；

readdir返回dirent结构体：
struct dirent
{
#ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
    __ino_t d_ino;
    __off_t d_off;
#else
    __ino64_t d_ino;
    __off64_t d_off;
#endif
    unsigned short int d_reclen;
    unsigned char d_type;
    char d_name[256];  /* We must not include limits.h! */
};
d_reclen表示记录长度，d_type表示文件类型（具体见后面），d_name表示文件名；

closedir返回0表示关闭成功，-1表示失败。

dirent结构体中的d_tpye的值可以为以下枚举成员：
enum
{
    DT_UNKNOWN = 0,     //未知类型
# define DT_UNKNOWN DT_UNKNOWN
    DT_FIFO = 1,        //管道
# define DT_FIFO DT_FIFO
    DT_CHR = 2,         //字符设备文件
# define DT_CHR  DT_CHR
    DT_DIR = 4,         //目录
# define DT_DIR  DT_DIR
    DT_BLK = 6,         //块设备文件
# define DT_BLK  DT_BLK
    DT_REG = 8,         //普通文件
# define DT_REG  DT_REG
    DT_LNK = 10,        //连接文件
# define DT_LNK  DT_LNK
    DT_SOCK = 12,       //套接字类型
# define DT_SOCK DT_SOCK
    DT_WHT = 14         //
# define DT_WHT  DT_WHT
};

实例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

bool IsFolderExist(const char *folder);
bool IsFileExist(const char* file);
void listDirFile(char *dirfile);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char folderbuf[50];
	memset(folderbuf, 0, 50);
	getcwd(folderbuf, 50);
	listDirFile(folderbuf);
	bool res = IsFolderExist(folderbuf);
	if(res)
		cout << "Folder OK\n";
	else
		cout << "Folder error\n";
	int len = strlen(folderbuf);
	folderbuf[len] = '/';
	strcat(folderbuf, "test_folder.cpp");
	res = IsFileExist(folderbuf);
	if(res)
		cout << "File ok\n";
	else
		cout << "File error\n";    return 0;
}

bool IsFolderExist(const char *folder)
{
	DIR *dir;
	if(folder == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}
	if((dir = opendir(folder)) == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}
	closedir(dir);
	return true;
	
}

bool IsFileExist(const char* file)
{
	if(file == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}
	if(access(file, F_OK) == 0)
		return true;
	return false;
}

void listDirFile(char *dirfile)
{
	char childpath[200];
	memset(childpath,0, sizeof(childpath));
	DIR *dp;
	struct dirent *ent;
	dp = opendir(dirfile);
	while(NULL !=(ent=readdir(dp)))
	{
		if(ent->d_type & DT_DIR)
		{
			if(strcmp(ent->d_name, ".")==0 || strcmp(ent->d_name, "..")==0)
				continue;
			sprintf(childpath, "%s/%s", dirfile, ent->d_name);
			cout << childpath <<endl;
			listDirFile(childpath);
		}
		else{}

	}

}

实例二、

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

int isdirectory(char* direcpath);
int lib_directory_list(char* dirpath)
{
	DIR *dp;
	struct dirent *dirp;
	if((dp = opendir(dirpath)) == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "can't open the directory");
		return -1;
	}
	while((dirp = readdir(dp)) != NULL)
	{
		printf("%s\n", dirp->d_name);
	}
	closedir(dp);
	printf("\n");
	return 0;
}
int lib_file_list(char* dirpath)
{
	DIR *dp;
	struct dirent *dirp;
    char filename[300];
	memset(filename,0, sizeof(filename));
	if((dp = opendir(dirpath)) == NULL)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	while((dirp = readdir(dp)) != NULL)
	{
		if(strcmp(dirp->d_name,".")==0 || strcmp(dirp->d_name, "..")==0)
			continue;
		if(isdirectory(dirp->d_name))
		{
			sprintf(filename, "%s/%s", dirpath, dirp->d_name);
			lib_file_list(filename);
		}		
		printf("%s\n", filename);
		
	}
	closedir(dp);
	printf("\n");
	return 0;

}

int isdirectory(char* direcpath)
{
	struct stat sDir;
    if(stat(direcpath, &sDir) < 0)
        return -1;
    if(S_IFDIR == (sDir.st_mode & S_IFMT))
        return 1;
    return -1;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char* directory = "/home/laijia";
	lib_directory_list(directory);
	lib_file_list(directory);
    return 0;
}

创建文件目录：

bool createMkdir(std::string& dirpath)
{
	mode_t umask_value = umask (0);
	umask (umask_value);
	mode_t mode = ((S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO) & (~ umask_value)) | S_IWUSR | S_IXUSR;
	std::string path;
	int index;
	int pos = dirpath.find("/");
	path = dirpath.substr(0, ++pos);
	std::cout << path << "\n";
	while(!isDir(path))
	{
		if(!mkdir(path.c_str(), mode))
			return false;
		index = dirpath.find("/", pos);
		if(index == std::string::npos)
		{
			break;
		}
		path += dirpath.substr(pos, index-pos+1);
		//std::cout << path << "\n";
		pos = ++index;
	}
	return true;
}

bool isDir(std::string& dirpath)
{
	struct stat stats;
	if(lstat(dirpath.c_str(), &stats) && S_ISDIR(stats.st_mode))
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}