UDP组播技术
一、 组播介绍
组播通信区别于单播与广播,有效的解决了单播与广播存在的低效率与高限制问题。信息源只需要发送一次信息,在同一组播组中的每个成员就能接收到该信息。具体理论参照百度百科等相关资料,下面主要通过Linux 进行组播实现。
二、 组播实现
1、向组播组发送消息(Send)
/*************************************************************************
> FileName: MulticastSend.cpp
> Author: chinanier
> Mail: chinanier@gmail.com
> CreatedTime: 一 11/24 23:10:54 2014
************************************************************************/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define HELLO_PORT 12345
#define HELLO_GROUP "225.0.0.37"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in addr;
int fd, cnt;
struct ip_mreq mreq;
char *message="Hello, World!";
/* create what looks like an ordinary UDPsocket */
if ((fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) <0)
{
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
/* set up destination address */
memset(&addr,0,sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(HELLO_GROUP);
addr.sin_port=htons(HELLO_PORT);
/* now just sendto() our destination! */
while (1)
{
if (sendto(fd,message,strlen(message),0, (struct sockaddr *) &addr,sizeof(addr)) <0)
{
perror("sendto");
exit(1);
}
sleep(1);
}
}
2、向组播组接收消息(Recv)
/*************************************************************************
> FileName: Multicastrecv.cpp
> Author: chinanier
> Mail: chinanier@gmail.com
> CreatedTime: 一 11/24 21:35:08 2014
************************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#define HELLO_PORT 12345
#define HELLO_GROUP "225.0.0.37"
#define MSGBUFSIZE 256
int main(int argc,char ** argv)
{
/* create udp socket */
struct sockaddr_in net_addr;
struct ip_mreq merq;
int nbytes =0;
int addrlen =0;
char msgbuf[512];
int fd =0;
u_int yes = 1;
fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
if (fd<=0) {
printf("socket() ");
perror("");
exit(1);
}
/* allow multiple sockets to use the samePORT number */
if(setsockopt(fd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&yes,sizeof(yes)) <0) {
perror("Reusing ADDRfailed");
exit(1);
}
/* set up destination address */
memset(&net_addr,0,sizeof(net_addr));
net_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
net_addr.sin_addr.s_addr =htonl(INADDR_ANY);
net_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_PORT);
/* bind to receive address */
if (bind(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&net_addr,sizeof(net_addr)) < 0) {
perror("bind()");
exit(1);
}
/* get bind result */
memset(&net_addr,0,sizeof(net_addr));
addrlen = sizeof(net_addr);
if ((getsockname(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&net_addr,(socklen_t*)&addrlen))<0) {
perror("getsockname()");
exit(1);
}
printf("bind port as%u\r\n",ntohs(net_addr.sin_port));
/* use setsockopt() to request that thekernel join a multicast group */
merq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr =inet_addr(HELLO_GROUP);
merq.imr_interface.s_addr =htonl(INADDR_ANY);
if(setsockopt(fd,IPPROTO_IP,IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,&merq,sizeof(merq)) <0) {
perror("setsockopt()");
exit(1);
}
/* now just enter a read-print loop */
while (1) {
addrlen = sizeof(net_addr);
if ((nbytes =recvfrom(fd,msgbuf,MSGBUFSIZE,0,(struct sockaddr*)&net_addr,
(socklen_t*)&addrlen)) <0) {
perror("recvfrom()");
exit(1);
}
puts(msgbuf);
}
return0;
}
在Linux下编译执行,可得到结果。