更换国内yum源
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls
dvd.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# rm -f dvd.repo (或者改个名字也行,yum源后缀变了就会失效)
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# curl -O http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo (下载国内yum源)
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 1572 100 1572 0 0 4051 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 4062
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
--2018-06-05 17:01:30-- http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 59.111.0.251
正在连接 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|59.111.0.251|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “CentOS7-Base-163.repo”
100%[==========================================================>] 1,572 --.-K/s 用时 0s
2018-06-05 17:01:31 (66.9 MB/s) - 已保存 “CentOS7-Base-163.repo” [1572/1572])
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# rm -f CentOS-Base.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS7-Base-163.repo (进入国内yum源配置文件)
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
安装扩展源 (有些包yum源里面没有)
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release (安装扩展源)
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 epel-release.noarch.0.7-11 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
====================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
====================================================================================================
正在安装:
epel-release noarch 7-11 extras 15 k
事务概要
====================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量:15 k
安装大小:24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm | 15 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : epel-release-7-11.noarch 1/1
验证中 : epel-release-7-11.noarch 1/1
已安装:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-11
完毕!
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo (查看扩展源配置)
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
yum下载rpm包 (必须是没有安装过的rpm包)
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# yum -y install zsh --downloadonly (默认存放在下面的路径)
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 zsh.x86_64.0.5.0.2-28.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
====================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
====================================================================================================
正在安装:
zsh x86_64 5.0.2-28.el7 base 2.4 M (源的路径)
事务概要
====================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总计:2.4 M
安装大小:5.6 M
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/(临时下载的rpm包存放路径)
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# yum -y install zsh --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp (yum下载rpm包后面跟路径)
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 zsh.x86_64.0.5.0.2-28.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
====================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
====================================================================================================
正在安装:
zsh x86_64 5.0.2-28.el7 base 2.4 M
事务概要
====================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量:2.4 M
安装大小:5.6 M
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@hanlin yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
源码包下载安装
cd /usr/local/src/ 源码包约定俗成的路径
[root@hanlin src]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz (下载源码)
[root@hanlin src]# tar -xzvf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz (解包)
[root@hanlin src]# cd httpd-2.2.9/(进入软件包所在目录)
[root@hanlin httpd-2.2.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2
[root@hanlin httpd-2.4.33]# echo $?(指的是上一条命令的结果是否正确,0非零表示不正常)
0
[root@hanlin httpd-2.2.9]# make (对源码进行编译)
[root@hanlin httpd-2.2.9]# make install(将源码编译整合安装到之前设定的路径之中)
[root@hanlin local]# cd apache2/
[root@hanlin apache2]# ls
bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include lib logs man manual modules
要卸载的话直接删除源码包安装路径里的所有文件就可以了