docker学习笔记

参考资料：https://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/install/centos.html 

使用环境为阿里云服务器centos7.2 

centos 安装

添加 yum 源

虽然 CentOS 软件源 Extras 中有 Docker，名为 docker，但是不建议使用系统源中的这个版本，它的版本相对比较陈旧，而且并非 Docker 官方维护的版本。因此，我们需要使用 Docker 官方提供的 CentOS 软件源。

执行下面的命令添加 yum 软件源。

$ sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo <<-'EOF'
[dockerrepo]
name=Docker Repository
baseurl=https://yum.dockerproject.org/repo/main/centos/7/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg
EOF

更新 yum 软件源缓存，并安装 docker-engine

$ sudo yum update
$ sudo yum install docker-engine

启动 Docker 引擎

$ sudo systemctl enable docker
$ sudo systemctl start docker
#如果容器启动出现问题，不妨重启docker服务
$ sudo systemctl restart docker

安装docker-compose

#安装
pip install docker-compose
#查看安装版本
docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.16.1, build 6d1ac219

1.进入root权限

sudo su

2.停止所有的container，这样才能够删除其中的images：

docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)

如果想要删除所有container的话再加一个指令：

docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

3.查看当前有些什么images

docker images

4.删除images，通过image的id来指定删除谁

docker rmi <image id>

要删除全部image的话

docker rmi $(docker images -q)

1.运行容器

#-d 后台运行，-p 宿主机上选择一个端口映射到容器8080端口上
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ web]docker  run   -d  -p 33892:8080   --name tomcat
chenyaochn/tomcat
d98af46e5e3d30061eec9efd17f21f403b3759f7ef4b3b7c7787ad73f3e2f43c

#查看启动容器
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ web]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                     NAMES
d98af46e5e3d        chenyaochn/tomcat   "/usr/local/tomcat..."   16 minutes ago      Up 16 minutes       0.0.0.0:33892->8080/tcp   tomcat


#使用curl访问，查看响应结果
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ web]# curl -I http://localhost:33892
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Wed, 30 Aug 2017 12:27:24 GMT

2.进入容器：

sudo docker exec  -it   容器id  bash

根目录 exit 退出

镜像push到资源库

首先输入docker login 指令，依次输入用户名和密码 

#查看镜像
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ test]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hehe                latest              4c9a2f3b237a        6 minutes ago       194MB
python              2.7-slim            451c85955bc2        4 weeks ago         182MB
#创建标签 指令docker tag image(镜像名) username(账号名)/repository(资源库名):tag(标签名)
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ test]# docker tag hehe chenyaochn/hehe:tag1
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ test]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
chenyao/hehe        tag1                4c9a2f3b237a        6 minutes ago       194MB
hehe                latest              4c9a2f3b237a        6 minutes ago       194MB
python              2.7-slim            451c85955bc2        4 weeks ago         182MB
#将镜像push到dockerhub
[root@iZotm71x017bylZ test]# docker push chenyaochn/hehe:tag1
The push refers to a repository [docker.io/chenyao/hehe]
30976be65f15: Preparing 
669912f99445: Preparing 
ad85e5f87486: Preparing 
735a46068813: Preparing 
2323e4886d1c: Preparing 
3dd73719e600: Waiting 
2c40c66f7667: Waiting 
tag1: digest: sha256:501305d4ad9c1b95a26f369cf83ff3002e7564d7270a0d7e8511157219cca883 size: 1787

docker cloud 查看结果

运行资源库images

#docker run -p 3389:80 username/repository:tag
$ docker run -d -p 3389:80 chenyaochn/hehe:tag1
2bfad19330ac19726ac43c4c579e572109897f6c5f2cbf4a725e2ea47b9dda6d

页面访问：

官方提供一些指令：

docker build -t friendlyname .  # Create image using this directory's Dockerfile
docker run -p 4000:80 friendlyname  # Run "friendlyname" mapping port 4000 to 80
docker run -d -p 4000:80 friendlyname         # Same thing, but in detached mode
docker ps                                 # See a list of all running containers
docker stop <hash>                     # Gracefully stop the specified container
docker ps -a           # See a list of all containers, even the ones not running
docker kill <hash>                   # Force shutdown of the specified container
docker rm <hash>              # Remove the specified container from this machine
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)           # Remove all containers from this machine
docker images -a                               # Show all images on this machine
docker rmi <imagename>            # Remove the specified image from this machine
docker rmi $(docker images -q)             # Remove all images from this machine
docker login             # Log in this CLI session using your Docker credentials
docker tag <image> username/repository:tag  # Tag <image> for upload to registry
docker push username/repository:tag            # Upload tagged image to registry
docker run username/repository:tag                   # Run image from a regist

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3511639/blog/1506937