3.KMP算法(Knuth-Morris-Pratt )
该算法的与Rabin-Karp一脉相承。也就是先排除可能不是的,在可能中逐一比较。
I.π函数的得到:
COMPUTE-PREFIX-FUNCTION(P) 1 m ← length[P] 2 π[1] ← 0 3 k ← 0 4 for q ← 2 to m 5 do while k > 0 and P[k + 1] ≠ P[q] 6 do k ← π[k] 7 if P[k + 1] = P[q] 8 then k ← k + 1 9 π[q] ← k 10 return π II.伪代码算法:
KMP-MATCHER(T, P) 1 n ← length[T] 2 m ← length[P] 3 π ← COMPUTE-PREFIX-FUNCTION(P) 4 q ← 0 ▹Number of characters matched. 5 for i ← 1 to n ▹Scan the text from left to right. 6 do while q > 0 and P[q + 1] ≠ T[i] 7 do q ← π[q] ▹Next character does not match. 8 if P[q + 1] = T[i] 9 then q ← q + 1 ▹Next character matches. 10 if q = m ▹Is all of P matched? 11 then print "Pattern occurs with shift" i - m 12 q ← π[q] ▹Look for the next match.
C语言算法实现: