设计模式-享元模式（十二）

简介

运用共享技术实现对象复用，不会大量执行相同的方法获取对象，减少系统开销
运用场景，缓存，获得一个不会修改的对象，首先从缓存中获取，有就直接获取，没有就创建并放入缓存
Pool的使用，不管是线程池还是连接池，获得一定的连接数，放在缓存区共外部调用，不会反复创建

例子

• 缓存

实体类

public class Person {

    private String id;

    private String name;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

缓存工厂

public class DataFactory {

    private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

    public Object getBySql(String sql){
        //这里只是简单的进行模拟，表明一个思想
        //首先从缓存中取出，不需要每次访问DB
        Object o = this.map.get(sql);
        if (o == null) {
            System.out.println("select from db");
            //模拟数据库查询
            o = new Person();
            ((Person) o).setId("11");
            ((Person) o).setName("name1");
            this.map.put(sql, o);
        }else {
            System.out.println("select from  map");
        }
        return o;
    }
}

测试

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DataFactory factory = new DataFactory();
        Object o1 = factory.getBySql("select * from person where id = 11");
        System.out.println(o1);
        Object o2 = factory.getBySql("select * from person where id = 11");
        System.out.println(o2);
        Object o3 = factory.getBySql("select * from person where id = 11");
        System.out.println(o3);
//        select from db
//        Person{id='11', name='name1'}
//        select from  map
//        Person{id='11', name='name1'}
//        select from  map
//        Person{id='11', name='name1'}

    }
}

• 池子

连接对象

public class Connection {
    private String name;
    public Connection(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Connection{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

连接池

public class DataPool {

    private List<Connection> resources = new ArrayList<>();

    public DataPool(int size) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= size; i ++) {
            //初始化资源池
            this.resources.add(new Connection(i + ""));
        }
    }
    //这里需要同步
    public synchronized Connection getConnection () {
        if (this.resources.size() > 0) {
            Connection connection = this.resources.get(0);
            this.resources.remove(connection);
            return connection;
        }else {
        	//这里也可选择扩大连接池容量
            throw new RuntimeException("没有连接可以使用");
        }
    }
	//回收没有使用的连接，避免反复的创建连接
    public void release(Connection connection ){
        this.resources.add(connection);
    }

}

测试

public class MainDataPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DataPool pool = new DataPool(3);
        Connection c1 = pool.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c1);
        Connection c2 = pool.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c2);
        Connection c3 = pool.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c3);
        try{
            pool.getConnection();
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        //释放才c2
        pool.release(c2);
        //再次获取连接
        Connection c4 = pool.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c4);
//        Connection{name='1'}
//        Connection{name='2'}
//        Connection{name='3'}
//        没有连接可以使用
//        Connection{name='2'}

    }
}