python __setattr__

1.__setattr__()是在属性赋值时被访问，比如我们调用instance.x=1时，并将x存储到__dict__中

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "wang"
        self.age = 18
        self.male = True
        
    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        print("*"*50)
        print("setting:{},  with:{}".format(key, value))
        print("current __dict__ : {}".format(self.__dict__))
        return object.__setattr__(self,key,value) # 因为子类重写父类方法，所以要返回父类该方法完成在__dict__的注册，父类的__setattr__本质上是完成了·self.__dict__[key] = value·
person = Person()

由于return在print之后，所以打印的结果会错一步。

2.注意下例中不能使用self.dict = {},会出现递归调用

class Foo(object):

    def __init__(self):
        object.__setattr__(self, 'dict', {})
        # self.dict = {}  # 会调用setattr,递归调用错误

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        self.dict = {'k1':'v1'}
        print(key,value)

    def __getattr__(self, item):
        print(item)
        return 'df'


obj = Foo()

# obj.x = 123
# 对象.xx setattr会执行

3.setattr应用:
1.将字典转换为类的属性

class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.values = {
            'x':'wang',
            'y':'wei',
        }
        for k,v in self.values.items():
            setattr(self,k,v)
obj = Foo()
print(obj.x)

参考：
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/101004827?from_voters_page=true