Linux ps命令

语法

ps [options]

参数	描述
a	显示所有进程,默认只显示当前终端的进程
x	显示没有控制终端的进程
u	使用基于用户信息的模式

结果展示

参数	描述
USER	进程所属用户名
PID	进程ID
%CPU	CPU占用百分比
%MEM	内存占用百分比
VSZ	进程虚拟大小
RSS	驻留内存大小
TTY	控制终端ID
STAT	R(Runnable),D(In uninterryptible sleep),S(Sleeping),T(Traced or stopped),Z(Zombie)
Time	已经消耗的CPU时间
COMMAND	进程命令

进程状态

状态	描述
Runnable	资源准备就绪,等待CPU时间处理数据
Sleeping	等待特定事件,比如交互shell
Zombies	结束执行,没有收集完所有状态
Stopped	停止,收到stop信号,比如Ctrl+Z

参数

简单进程选择

参数	描述
a	Lift the BSD-style “only yourself” restriction
-a	Select all processes except both session leaders and processes not associated with a terminal.
-d	Select all processes except session leaders.
-e	Select all processes.
-N	Select all processes except those that fulfill the specified conditions (negates the selection)
T	打印但前终端的进程
r	Restrict the selection to only running processes.
x	Lift the BSD-style “must have a tty” restriction

使用列表选择进程

参数	描述
-123	Identical to --pid 123.
-C cmdlist	通过命令名称选择
-G grplist	通过组id选择
-g grplist	Select by session OR by effective group name.
-p pidlist	通过进程id选择
-q pidlist	Select by PID (quick mode).
-s sesslist	通过会话选择
-t ttylist	Select by tty.
-u userlist	通过使用者的id或name选择

输出格式选择

参数	描述
-c	Show different scheduler information for the -l option
-f	Do full-format listing.
j	BSD job control format.
-j	Jobs format.
l	Display BSD long format.
-l	Long format. The -y option is often useful with this.
-M	Add a column of security data. Identical to Z (for SELinux).
O format	is preloaded o (overloaded).
-O format	Like -o, but preloaded with some default columns.
o format	Specify user-defined format.
-o format	User-defined format.
s	Display signal format.
u	Display user-oriented format.
v	Display virtual memory format.
X	Register format…
-y	Do not show flags; show rss in place of addr.
Z	Add a column of security data. Identical to -M (for SELinux).

输出编辑器

参数	描述
c	Show the true command name.
e	show the environment after the command.
f	ASCII art process hierarchy (forest)
h	No header.
-H	Show process hierarchy (forest).
k	spec Specify sorting order.
-n namelist	Set namelist file.
n	Numeric output for WCHAN and USER
N namelist	Specify namelist file.
O order	Sorting order (overloaded).
S	Sum up some information
-w	Wide output. Use this option twice for unlimited width.

线程展示

参数	描述
H	Show threads as if they were processes.
-L	Show threads, possibly with LWP and NLWP columns.
m	Show threads after processes.
-m	Show threads after processes.
-T	Show threads, possibly with SPID column.

实例

参数	描述
ps -e,-ef,-eF,-ely	使用标准语法查看系统上的每一个进程
ps ax,aux	使用BSD语法查看所有进程
ps -ejH,axjf	打印进程树
ps -eLf,axms	获得线程信息
ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,labe or axZ, -eM	获得安全信息
ps -U root -u root u	查看根用户进程

       To see every process running as root (real & effective ID) in user
       format:
          ps -U root -u root u

       To see every process with a user-defined format:
          ps -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,wchan:14,comm
          ps axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm
          ps -Ao pid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan

       Print only the process IDs of syslogd:
          ps -C syslogd -o pid=

       Print only the name of PID 42:
          ps -q 42 -o comm=

jps

jps 是 java ps 只显示java的进程