ubuntu 网络配置

16.04之前

1.查看网卡
ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s31f6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 4c:cc:6a:fb:a4:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.177/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s31f6
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::4ecc:6aff:fefb:a47f/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

当前的网卡是enp0s31f6

2.修改网卡配置文件
vi /etc/network/interfaces

里面的内容,该内容不可更改:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

配置动态ip,在后面添加

auto enp0s31f6
ifaceenp0s31f6 inet dhcp

配置静态ip,在后面添加

auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 218.2.2.2 218.4.4.4

network和broadcast两个参数可以不写.

3.重启网卡

systemctl restart network

18.04

Ubuntu 18.04使用netplan配置网络，其配置文件是yaml格式的。安装好Ubuntu 18.04之后，在/etc/netplan/目录下默认的配置文件名是01-network-manager-all.yaml

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  ethernets:
     ens33: #配置的网卡名称,使用ifconfig -a查看得到,且必须是空格缩进，netplan只认空格
       dhcp4: no #no-dhcp4开启 true-dhcp4开启
       dhcp6: true #true-dhcp6开启 no-dhcp6关闭
       addresses: [192.168.2.110/24, ] #设置本机IP及掩码,这个逗号和空格好像不能少，少了就不生效，后面的空格之后可以写入IPv6的地址，从而变成这样[192.168.2.110/24, "2001:1::1/64"]
       gateway4: 192.168.2.1 #设置ipv4的默认网关
       gateway6: 2001:1::1 #设置ipv6的默认网关
       
       nameservers:  #设置DNS服务器
         addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.8.4]  #多个DNS服务器之间用逗号隔开

sudo netplan apply

参考文献:
https://www.cnblogs.com/flish/p/5268158.html
https://www.jianshu.com/p/0ae357251449
https://blog.csdn.net/lengye7/article/details/88889807