Jetpack系列之DataBinding原理解析

定义

数据绑定，是Google官方发布的一个框架，是mvvm在android上的一种实现，用于降低布局和逻辑的耦合性，使代码逻辑更加清晰，可以直接绑定数据到xml中，并实现自动刷新。databinding能够省去findviewbyId，大量减少activity的代码，数据能够单向或双向绑定到layout文件中，有助于防止内存泄漏，而且能自动进行空检测以避免空指针异常。

用法

创建一个User类

import androidx.databinding.BaseObservable;
import androidx.databinding.Bindable;
public class User extends BaseObservable {
    private String name;
    private String password;

    @Bindable
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        notifyPropertyChanged(BR.name);
    }

    @Bindable
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
        notifyPropertyChanged(BR.password);
    }
}

修改需要和User类绑定的布局（

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
<!--    引入需要绑定的对象-->
    <data>
        <variable
            name="user"
            type="com.example.demo.User" />
    </data>
<!--    原来的布局-->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
<!--        通过@{}来引用对象中的数据，@{}是单向绑定、@={}是双向绑定-->
        <TextView
            android:text="@={user.name}"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/tv_name"/>
        <TextView
            android:text="@={user.password}"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/tv_password"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

在activity的oncreate做user和布局文件的绑定设置

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private User user;
    private ActivityMainBinding activityMainBinding;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//        不需要用原来的setContentView函数了
//        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        user = new User();
        user.setName("coffee");
        user.setPassword("123");
        activityMainBinding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this,R.layout.activity_main);
        activityMainBinding.setUser(user);
//        用多线程演示效果
        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int i = 0;
                while (++i < 10) {
                    super.run();
                    user.setPassword(user.getPassword() + "1");
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }
}

原理解析

DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this,R.layout.activity_main)

public static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T setContentView(@NonNull Activity activity,
        int layoutId) {
    return setContentView(activity, layoutId, sDefaultComponent);
}

跟踪setContentView(activity, layoutId, sDefaultComponent)

public static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T setContentView(@NonNull Activity activity,
        int layoutId, @Nullable DataBindingComponent bindingComponent) {
    //还是需要先调用原来activity的setContentView来设置布局文件
    activity.setContentView(layoutId);
    View decorView = activity.getWindow().getDecorView();
    ViewGroup contentView = (ViewGroup) decorView.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
    return bindToAddedViews(bindingComponent, contentView, 0, layoutId);
}

跟踪bindToAddedViews(bindingComponent, contentView, 0, layoutId)

private static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T bindToAddedViews(DataBindingComponent component,
        ViewGroup parent, int startChildren, int layoutId) {
    final int endChildren = parent.getChildCount();
    final int childrenAdded = endChildren - startChildren;
    if (childrenAdded == 1) {
        final View childView = parent.getChildAt(endChildren - 1);
        return bind(component, childView, layoutId);
    } else {
        final View[] children = new View[childrenAdded];
        for (int i = 0; i < childrenAdded; i++) {
            children[i] = parent.getChildAt(i + startChildren);
        }
        return bind(component, children, layoutId);
    }
}

如果有多个子view的🌹，会把子view都放在一个view数组里面
继续跟踪bind(component, children, layoutId)

static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T bind(DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, View[] roots,
        int layoutId) {
    return (T) sMapper.getDataBinder(bindingComponent, roots, layoutId);
}

sMapper是一个抽象类，跟踪一下sMapper

private static DataBinderMapper sMapper = new DataBinderMapperImpl();

由此可知sMapper是DataBinderMapperImpl
继续跟踪sMapper.getDataBinder(bindingComponent, roots, layoutId)

还没写完。。。