Loud complaints

to the uni­versities, and Mbt aside from the requirement of this examination the State renounced control of every kind over private instruction in the gymnasial branches.

The energy with which this plan was carried into speedy operation is eminently due to Count Thun, who entered upon this service with an especial predilection, while remarkable efficiency was also shown by the provincial authorities. In 1850, the philosophical classes that had hith­erto existed at the universities, lyceums, and philosophical schools, were wholly merged in the gymnasiums, and communities, corporations, andMbt shoes

individuals aided liberally in forming these classes in other places, and in the endowment of new institutions. Seminaries for the training of teach­ers were shortly opened at Vienna, Prague, Lemberg, Parvia, and Padua, and considerable appropriations were granted for the aid of aspirants to teacherships. To insure uniformity in carrying out the new system of instruction and an interchange of opinions among the teachers, conferen­ces of directors and teachers in all the provinces were encouraged, and chiefly through the exertions of Bonitz a journal devoted to the interests of the gymnasiums was established. Discount mbt shoes

The new organization did not include instruction in religion. Negotia­tions were entered into by the Minister with the convention of Bishops assembled at Vienna in 1849, and it was agreed that this instruction should beMbt discount under the direction of the bishops in their respective districts. The old text-books ih all branches were at once removed, the bishops discarding also those that had been used in religious instruction, and though the principal dependence was necessarily at first upon books of for­eign production, yet measures were immediately taken for the composi­tion and publication within the Empire of suitable text-books of every grade. Moreover, for the furtherance of mbt.com gymnasial reform, school statis­tics were found to be an indispensable need, and were taken in hand simultaneously by the Gymnasial Journal and the statistical bureau. Mbt shoes sale Mbts

In 1753, Exnerfell a sacrifice to his excessive labors, leaving his work still incomplete. His place was supplied by Rleemann. Increased con­sistency and completeness were gradually given to the new system by additional enactments, and on the 9th of December, 1854, it was decisively approved. To this were added regulations Mbt Shoes UK

respecting the official rank of teachers, and in 1856 the final law upon the examination of candidates for teacherships.

There was of course no want of violent opposition to the new order of things. A considerable portion of the clergy and of the higher officials sympathized with those who favored an exclusively Austrian nationality. Loud complaints were continually arising of the complete supplanting of the old by the new, Vibram Five Fingers of a disposition to favor whatever was of foreign origin, and systematic attempts at Germanization, of the overburdening of the pupils, of the neglect of religious instruction, of a deficiency of Latin instruction, and of the severity of the maturity examination. TheVibram Fivefingers Ministry of Instruction opposed with determined earnestness the efforts of the national party, and even went so far beyond the early plan of re­organization as to make the German language an obligatory study at all gymnasiums and the prevalent language of instruction except in VibramLom- bardy and Venice. But on the other hand the views of the ministry coincided in many respects with the other demands of the opposition, and subsequent enactments indicated a wavering of purpose in regard to the plan of studies and its operation. This attitude of the government towards its own work was not without its influence upon the agents ap­

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