java并发库提供了很多原子类来支持并发访问的数据安全性,除了常用的
AtomicInteger、AtomicBoolean、AtomicLong 外还有AtomicReference 用以支持对象的原子操作:AtomicReference<V> 可以封装引用一个V实例, 通过可以支持并发访问,set的时候进行对比判断,如果当前值和操作之前一样则返回false,否则表示数据没有 变化,例如下面的代码public final boolean compareAndSet(V expect, V update)
使用 AtomicReference 实现了并发计数:package test; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference; public class TS { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { dfasd111(); } private static AtomicReference<Integer> ar = new AtomicReference<Integer>(0); public static void dfasd111() throws InterruptedException { int t = 100; final int c = 100; final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(t); for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) { new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) { while (true) { Integer temp = ar.get(); if (ar.compareAndSet(temp, temp + 1)) { break; } } } latch.countDown(); } }).start(); } latch.await(); System.out.println(ar.get()); //10000000 } public final void test() { System.out.println(this.getClass()); } }
一、原子量实现的计数器
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
public class AtomicCounter {
private AtomicInteger value = new AtomicInteger();
public int getValue() {
return value.get();
}
public int increase() {
return value.incrementAndGet();// 内部使用死循环for(;;)调用compareAndSet(current, next)
// return value.getAndIncrement();
}
public int increase(int i) {
return value.addAndGet(i);// 内部使用死循环for(;;)调用compareAndSet(current, next)
// return value.getAndAdd(i);
}
public int decrease() {
return value.decrementAndGet();// 内部使用死循环for(;;)调用compareAndSet(current, next)
// return value.getAndDecrement();
}
public int decrease(int i) {
return value.addAndGet(-i);// 内部使用死循环for(;;)调用compareAndSet(current, next)
// return value.addAndGet(-i);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final AtomicCounter counter = new AtomicCounter();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
service.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(counter.increase());
}
});
}
service.shutdown();
}
}
二、原子量实现的银行取款
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
public class Account {
private AtomicLong balance;
public Account(long money) {
balance = new AtomicLong(money);
System.out.println("Total Money:" + balance);
}
public void deposit(long money) {
balance.addAndGet(money);
}
public void withdraw(long money) {
for (; ; ) {//保证即时同一时间有人也在取款也可以再次尝试取款,如果不需要并发尝试取款,可以去掉这句
long oldValue = balance.get();
if (oldValue < money) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 余额不足! 余额:" + balance);
break;
}
try {Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000));} catch (Exception e) { }// 模拟取款时间
if (balance.compareAndSet(oldValue, oldValue - money)) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 取款 " + money + " 成功! 余额:" + balance);
break;
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 遇到并发,再次尝试取款!");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Account account = new Account(1000);
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
int i = 0;
while (i++ < 13) {
pool.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
account.withdraw(100);
}
});
}
pool.shutdown();
}
}