vmware ubuntu 内存不够解决方案

最近想学习一下著名科普视频3Brown1Blue系列的开发者开发出的一个python库manim。其中说要安装texlive-full。我跟随教程，安装的结果是这样的：

$ sudo apt-get install texlive-full
[sudo] password for xbc: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  aglfn asymptote asymptote-doc biber blt chktex cm-super cm-super-minimal context context-modules dvidvi dvipng feynmf fonts-adf-accanthis fonts-adf-berenis fonts-adf-gillius fonts-adf-universalis
  fonts-arphic-bkai00mp fonts-arphic-bsmi00lp fonts-arphic-gbsn00lp fonts-arphic-gkai00mp fonts-baekmuk fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-croscore fonts-crosextra-caladea fonts-crosextra-carlito
  fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-font-awesome fonts-freefont-otf fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-baskerville fonts-gfs-bodoni-classic fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-didot-classic
  fonts-gfs-gazis fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga fonts-gfs-porson fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-gfs-theokritos fonts-go fonts-hosny-amiri fonts-ipaexfont-gothic fonts-ipaexfont-mincho fonts-ipafont-gothic
  fonts-ipafont-mincho fonts-junicode fonts-linuxlibertine fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo fonts-noto-hinted fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-open-sans fonts-roboto-hinted fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic
  fonts-sil-gentiumplus fonts-sil-gentiumplus-compact fonts-stix fonts-texgyre fonts-unfonts-core fonts-unfonts-extra fragmaster lacheck latex-cjk-all latex-cjk-chinese latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-bkai00mp
  latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-bsmi00lp latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-gbsn00lp latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-gkai00mp latex-cjk-common latex-cjk-japanese latex-cjk-japanese-wadalab latex-cjk-korean latex-cjk-thai latexdiff
  latexmk lcdf-typetools libalgorithm-c3-perl libautovivification-perl libb-hooks-endofscope-perl libb-hooks-op-check-perl libbtparse1 libbusiness-isbn-data-perl libbusiness-isbn-perl libbusiness-ismn-perl
  libbusiness-issn-perl libclass-c3-perl libclass-c3-xs-perl libclass-data-inheritable-perl libclass-factory-util-perl libclass-inspector-perl libclass-method-modifiers-perl libclass-singleton-perl
  libdata-compare-perl libdata-optlist-perl libdata-uniqid-perl libdate-simple-perl libdatetime-calendar-julian-perl libdatetime-format-builder-perl libdatetime-format-strptime-perl libdatetime-locale-perl
  libdatetime-perl libdatetime-timezone-perl libdevel-callchecker-perl libdevel-caller-perl libdevel-globaldestruction-perl libdevel-lexalias-perl libdevel-stacktrace-perl libdist-checkconflicts-perl
  libdynaloader-functions-perl libemail-date-format-perl libemf1 libencode-eucjpms-perl libencode-hanextra-perl libencode-jis2k-perl libeval-closure-perl libexception-class-perl libfile-find-rule-perl
  libfile-homedir-perl libfile-sharedir-perl libfile-slurper-perl libfile-which-perl libglapi-mesa libglapi-mesa:i386 libglx-mesa0 libglx-mesa0:i386 libgsl23 libgslcblas0 libipc-run3-perl libipc-shareable-perl
  liblingua-translit-perl liblist-allutils-perl liblist-someutils-perl liblist-utilsby-perl liblog-dispatch-perl liblog-log4perl-perl libmagick++-6.q16-7 libmail-sendmail-perl libmime-charset-perl
  libmime-lite-perl libmime-types-perl libmodule-implementation-perl libmodule-runtime-perl libmro-compat-perl libnamespace-autoclean-perl libnamespace-clean-perl libnumber-compare-perl libosmesa6
  libosmesa6:i386 libosp5 libostyle1c2 libpackage-deprecationmanager-perl libpackage-stash-perl libpackage-stash-xs-perl libpadwalker-perl libparams-classify-perl libparams-util-perl libparams-validate-perl
  libparams-validationcompiler-perl libperlio-utf8-strict-perl libplot2c2 libpoppler-qt5-1 libpstoedit0c2a libreadonly-perl libref-util-perl libref-util-xs-perl libregexp-common-perl librole-tiny-perl
  libscalar-list-utils-perl libsombok3 libsort-key-perl libspecio-perl libsub-exporter-perl libsub-exporter-progressive-perl libsub-identify-perl libsub-install-perl libsub-quote-perl libsys-hostname-long-perl
  libtcl8.6 libtext-bibtex-perl libtext-csv-perl libtext-csv-xs-perl libtext-glob-perl libtext-roman-perl libtext-unidecode-perl libtie-cycle-perl libtk8.6 libunicode-collate-perl libunicode-linebreak-perl
  libvariable-magic-perl libxml-libxml-simple-perl libxml-libxslt-perl libxml-writer-perl libyaml-tiny-perl libzip4 openjade pfb2t1c2pfb prerex preview-latex-style ps2eps pstoedit psutils purifyeps
  python3-pil.imagetk python3-tk tcl tcl8.6 tex-gyre texinfo texlive-bibtex-extra texlive-extra-utils texlive-font-utils texlive-fonts-extra texlive-fonts-extra-doc texlive-fonts-extra-links
  texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-fonts-recommended-doc texlive-formats-extra texlive-games texlive-generic-recommended texlive-humanities texlive-humanities-doc texlive-lang-arabic texlive-lang-chinese
  texlive-lang-cjk texlive-lang-cyrillic texlive-lang-czechslovak texlive-lang-english texlive-lang-european texlive-lang-french texlive-lang-german texlive-lang-greek texlive-lang-italian texlive-lang-japanese
  texlive-lang-korean texlive-lang-other texlive-lang-polish texlive-lang-portuguese texlive-lang-spanish texlive-latex-base-doc texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-extra-doc texlive-latex-recommended
  texlive-latex-recommended-doc texlive-luatex texlive-metapost texlive-metapost-doc texlive-music texlive-pictures texlive-pictures-doc texlive-plain-generic texlive-pstricks texlive-pstricks-doc
  texlive-publishers texlive-publishers-doc texlive-science texlive-science-doc texlive-xetex tipa tk tk8.6 tk8.6-blt2.5 vprerex xterm
Suggested packages:
  gv blt-demo perl-tk fontforge context-nonfree context-doc-nonfree auctex hbf-cns40-b5 hbf-jfs56 hbf-kanji48 libgd-barcode-perl libscalar-properties-perl gsl-ref-psdoc | gsl-doc-pdf | gsl-doc-info
  | gsl-ref-html libdbd-csv-perl liblog-dispatch-filerotate-perl librrds-perl libxml-dom-perl libpod2-base-perl default-mta | mail-transport-agent libmojolicious-perl libscalar-number-perl libtest-fatal-perl
  doc-base sgml-data xfig | ivtools-bin | tgif | transfig python-pil-doc python3-pil.imagetk-dbg tix python3-tk-dbg tcl-tclreadline texinfo-doc-nonfree xindy python-pygments icc-profiles
  libspreadsheet-parseexcel-perl dot2tex ruby-tcltk | libtcltk-ruby xfonts-cyrillic
Recommended packages:
  fonts-freefont
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  aglfn asymptote asymptote-doc biber blt chktex cm-super cm-super-minimal context context-modules dvidvi dvipng feynmf fonts-adf-accanthis fonts-adf-berenis fonts-adf-gillius fonts-adf-universalis
  fonts-arphic-bkai00mp fonts-arphic-bsmi00lp fonts-arphic-gbsn00lp fonts-arphic-gkai00mp fonts-baekmuk fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-croscore fonts-crosextra-caladea fonts-crosextra-carlito
  fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-font-awesome fonts-freefont-otf fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-baskerville fonts-gfs-bodoni-classic fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-didot-classic
  fonts-gfs-gazis fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga fonts-gfs-porson fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-gfs-theokritos fonts-go fonts-hosny-amiri fonts-ipaexfont-gothic fonts-ipaexfont-mincho fonts-ipafont-gothic
  fonts-ipafont-mincho fonts-junicode fonts-linuxlibertine fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo fonts-noto-hinted fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-open-sans fonts-roboto-hinted fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic
  fonts-sil-gentiumplus fonts-sil-gentiumplus-compact fonts-stix fonts-texgyre fonts-unfonts-core fonts-unfonts-extra fragmaster lacheck latex-cjk-all latex-cjk-chinese latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-bkai00mp
  latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-bsmi00lp latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-gbsn00lp latex-cjk-chinese-arphic-gkai00mp latex-cjk-common latex-cjk-japanese latex-cjk-japanese-wadalab latex-cjk-korean latex-cjk-thai latexdiff
  latexmk lcdf-typetools libalgorithm-c3-perl libautovivification-perl libb-hooks-endofscope-perl libb-hooks-op-check-perl libbtparse1 libbusiness-isbn-data-perl libbusiness-isbn-perl libbusiness-ismn-perl
  libbusiness-issn-perl libclass-c3-perl libclass-c3-xs-perl libclass-data-inheritable-perl libclass-factory-util-perl libclass-inspector-perl libclass-method-modifiers-perl libclass-singleton-perl
  libdata-compare-perl libdata-optlist-perl libdata-uniqid-perl libdate-simple-perl libdatetime-calendar-julian-perl libdatetime-format-builder-perl libdatetime-format-strptime-perl libdatetime-locale-perl
  libdatetime-perl libdatetime-timezone-perl libdevel-callchecker-perl libdevel-caller-perl libdevel-globaldestruction-perl libdevel-lexalias-perl libdevel-stacktrace-perl libdist-checkconflicts-perl
  libdynaloader-functions-perl libemail-date-format-perl libemf1 libencode-eucjpms-perl libencode-hanextra-perl libencode-jis2k-perl libeval-closure-perl libexception-class-perl libfile-find-rule-perl
  libfile-homedir-perl libfile-sharedir-perl libfile-slurper-perl libfile-which-perl libgsl23 libgslcblas0 libipc-run3-perl libipc-shareable-perl liblingua-translit-perl liblist-allutils-perl
  liblist-someutils-perl liblist-utilsby-perl liblog-dispatch-perl liblog-log4perl-perl libmagick++-6.q16-7 libmail-sendmail-perl libmime-charset-perl libmime-lite-perl libmime-types-perl
  libmodule-implementation-perl libmodule-runtime-perl libmro-compat-perl libnamespace-autoclean-perl libnamespace-clean-perl libnumber-compare-perl libosmesa6 libosp5 libostyle1c2
  libpackage-deprecationmanager-perl libpackage-stash-perl libpackage-stash-xs-perl libpadwalker-perl libparams-classify-perl libparams-util-perl libparams-validate-perl libparams-validationcompiler-perl
  libperlio-utf8-strict-perl libplot2c2 libpoppler-qt5-1 libpstoedit0c2a libreadonly-perl libref-util-perl libref-util-xs-perl libregexp-common-perl librole-tiny-perl libscalar-list-utils-perl libsombok3
  libsort-key-perl libspecio-perl libsub-exporter-perl libsub-exporter-progressive-perl libsub-identify-perl libsub-install-perl libsub-quote-perl libsys-hostname-long-perl libtcl8.6 libtext-bibtex-perl
  libtext-csv-perl libtext-csv-xs-perl libtext-glob-perl libtext-roman-perl libtext-unidecode-perl libtie-cycle-perl libtk8.6 libunicode-collate-perl libunicode-linebreak-perl libvariable-magic-perl
  libxml-libxml-simple-perl libxml-libxslt-perl libxml-writer-perl libyaml-tiny-perl libzip4 openjade pfb2t1c2pfb prerex preview-latex-style ps2eps pstoedit psutils purifyeps python3-pil.imagetk python3-tk tcl
  tcl8.6 tex-gyre texinfo texlive-bibtex-extra texlive-extra-utils texlive-font-utils texlive-fonts-extra texlive-fonts-extra-doc texlive-fonts-extra-links texlive-fonts-recommended
  texlive-fonts-recommended-doc texlive-formats-extra texlive-full texlive-games texlive-generic-recommended texlive-humanities texlive-humanities-doc texlive-lang-arabic texlive-lang-chinese texlive-lang-cjk
  texlive-lang-cyrillic texlive-lang-czechslovak texlive-lang-english texlive-lang-european texlive-lang-french texlive-lang-german texlive-lang-greek texlive-lang-italian texlive-lang-japanese
  texlive-lang-korean texlive-lang-other texlive-lang-polish texlive-lang-portuguese texlive-lang-spanish texlive-latex-base-doc texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-extra-doc texlive-latex-recommended
  texlive-latex-recommended-doc texlive-luatex texlive-metapost texlive-metapost-doc texlive-music texlive-pictures texlive-pictures-doc texlive-plain-generic texlive-pstricks texlive-pstricks-doc
  texlive-publishers texlive-publishers-doc texlive-science texlive-science-doc texlive-xetex tipa tk tk8.6 tk8.6-blt2.5 vprerex xterm
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libglapi-mesa libglapi-mesa:i386 libglx-mesa0 libglx-mesa0:i386 libosmesa6:i386
5 upgraded, 264 newly installed, 0 to remove and 335 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,418 MB/2,421 MB of archives.
After this operation, 4,492 MB of additional disk space will be used.
E: You don't have enough free space in /var/cache/apt/archives/.

这是一个非常庞大的库啊！(我复制这些的时候电脑都卡了一阵子(配置不行吧(
最后一行中说我没有足够的空间安装它。
输入命令df，输出的结果是：

$ df
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev             1976860        0   1976860   0% /dev
tmpfs             401588     1884    399704   1% /run
/dev/sda1       20509264 17817912   1626496  92% /  
tmpfs            2007936    88800   1919136   5% /dev/shm
tmpfs               5120        4      5116   1% /run/lock
tmpfs            2007936        0   2007936   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop2          1024     1024         0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/81
/dev/loop3         15104    15104         0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/375
/dev/loop4          3840     3840         0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/123
/dev/loop0         93568    93568         0 100% /snap/core/8592
/dev/loop5         35584    35584         0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/319
/dev/loop8         14848    14848         0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/37
/dev/loop11       144384   144384         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70
/dev/loop12        15104    15104         0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/399
/dev/loop1        144128   144128         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/98
/dev/loop6        160512   160512         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/110
/dev/loop9         46080    46080         0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1440
/dev/loop13         3840     3840         0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/127
/dev/loop10       164096   164096         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/116
/dev/loop7         56064    56064         0 100% /snap/core18/1668
/dev/loop14        56064    56064         0 100% /snap/core18/1650
/dev/loop15        93568    93568         0 100% /snap/core/8689
tmpfs             401584       24    401560   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sr0         1907568  1907568         0 100% /media/xbc/Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS amd642

你看看第三行，90%+，不觉得身体某个部位在隐隐作痛吗？
蟹蟹使用的是vmware虚拟机中的ubuntu，我说说我是咋解决的吧：

1. 虚拟机硬件设置

关闭虚拟机，把虚拟机硬盘大小调的大些。但也得确保虚拟机在原位置的情况下内存不会full。
比如我原来是20G，现在调成了61G，嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿。
至于怎么配置，这里不好截图。vmware->虚拟机设置->硬盘->扩展(没有汉化过的就是Settings -> Hard Disk -> Expand)
调制成合适的大小就可以。

2. 安装gparted

$ sudo apt-get install gparted

3.打开gparted

$ gparted

4.设置分区大小。

可能略有不同，这里凑活看一下我的配置吧：

注意这是改正完之后的大小，我原来的 dev/sda1分区大小是 20GB，改完了 40G，可以看到，下载完那个 texlive-full就是 20.01GB……
如何改正大小呢？很简单，右键 dev/sda1的分区，直接 resize，更改为合适的大小即可。比如 40G就很不错，嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿。

5.确定

点击绿色的小勾勾，他就会进行分区。分区完成，就大功告成啦！
下载texlive-full已经是毫无压力～～嘿嘿嘿！

$ sudo apt-get install texlive-full
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  aglfn asymptote asymptote-doc biber blt chktex cm-super cm-super-minimal context context-modules dvidvi dvipng feynmf fonts-adf-accanthis fonts-adf-berenis fonts-adf-gillius fonts-adf-universalis
  fonts-arphic-bkai00mp fonts-arphic-bsmi00lp fonts-arphic-gbsn00lp fonts-arphic-gkai00mp fonts-baekmuk fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-croscore fonts-crosextra-caladea fonts-crosextra-carlito
  fonts-ebgaramond fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-font-awesome fonts-freefont-otf fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-baskerville fonts-gfs-bodoni-classic fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot fonts-gfs-didot-classic
  fonts-gfs-gazis fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga fonts-gfs-porson fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-gfs-theokritos fonts-go fonts-hosny-amiri fonts-ipaexfont-gothic fonts-ipaexfont-mincho fonts-ipafont-gothic
  fonts-ipafont-mincho fonts-junicode fonts-linuxlibertine fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo fonts-noto-hinted fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-open-sans fonts-roboto-hinted fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic
  fonts-sil-gentiumplus fonts-sil-gent