Netty 网络编程应用实例——群聊系统

实现效果图


GroupChatServer.java

package com.shuang.netty.groupchat;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class GroupChatServer {

    private int port; //监听端口

    public GroupChatServer(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }

    //编写run方法，处理客户端请求
    public void run() throws InterruptedException {

        //创建两个线程组
        NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {

            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                            //获取 pipeline
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
                            //向 pipeline 加入解码器
                            pipeline.addLast("decoder",new StringDecoder());
                            //向 pipeline 加入编码器
                            pipeline.addLast("encoder",new StringEncoder());
                            //加入自己的业务处理器 handler
                            pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatServerHandler());

                        }
                    });

            System.out.println("netty 服务器启动");
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();

            //监听管壁事件
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        new GroupChatServer(7000).run();

    }
}

GroupChatServerHandler.java

package com.shuang.netty.groupchat;

import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class GroupChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler {

    //定义一个 channel 组，管理所有的 channel
    //GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE 是全局的事件执行器，是一个单例
    private static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

    //handlerAdded 表示连接建立，一旦连接，第一个被执行
    //将当前 channel 加入到 channelGroup
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
        //将该客户加入聊天的信息推送给其他在线的客户端
        /**
         * 该方法会将 channelGroup 中所有的 channel 遍历，并发送消息
         * 我们不需要自己遍历
         */
        channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + channel.remoteAddress() + "加入聊天" + sdf.format(new java.util.Date()) + "\n");
        channelGroup.add(channel);
    }

    //断开连接，将 xx 客户离开信息推送给当前在线的客户
    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
        channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + channel.remoteAddress() + " 离开了" + sdf.format(new java.util.Date()) + "\n");
        System.out.println("channelGroup size" + channelGroup.size());

    }

    //表示 channel 处于活动状态，提示 xx 上线
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 上线了~" + sdf.format(new java.util.Date()));
    }

    //表示 channel 处于不活动状态，提示 xx 离线了
    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 离线了~" + sdf.format(new java.util.Date()));
    }

    //读取数据

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

        //获取当前 channel
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
        //这时我们遍历 channelGroup，根据不同的情况，回送不同的消息

        channelGroup.forEach(ch -> {
            if (channel != ch) { //不是当前的 channel，转发消息
                ch.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new java.util.Date()) + " [客户]" + channel.remoteAddress() + " 发送消息：" + msg + "\n");
            }else {
                ch.writeAndFlush(sdf.format(new java.util.Date()) + " [自己]发送了消息：" + msg + "\n");
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        //关闭通道
        ctx.close();
    }
}

GroupChatClient.java

package com.shuang.netty.groupchat;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class GroupChatClient {

    //属性
    private final String host;
    private final int port;

    public GroupChatClient(String host,int port) {
        this.host = host;
        this.port = port;
    }

    public void run() throws InterruptedException {

        NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {

            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();

            bootstrap.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

                            //得到 pipeline
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
                            //加入相关 handler
                            pipeline.addLast("decode",new StringDecoder());
                            pipeline.addLast("encode",new StringEncoder());
                            //加入自定义的 handler
                            pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatClientHandler());

                        }
                    });

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host,port).sync();
            Channel channel = channelFuture.channel();
            System.out.println("----------" + channel.localAddress() + "-----------");
            //客户端需要输入信息，创建一个扫描器
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
                String msg = scanner.nextLine();
                //通过 channel 发送到服务器端
                channel.writeAndFlush(msg + "\r\n");
            }

        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        new GroupChatClient("127.0.0.1",7000).run();
    }

}

GroupChatClientHandler.java

package com.shuang.netty.groupchat;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class GroupChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(msg.trim());
    }
}