Android中Handler和HandlerThread的使用

Android中熟练和正确的使用Handler和HandlerThread是非常必要的，这里是一些简单的示例，包括Handler和HandlerThread与主线程的通信，欢迎拍砖。

package com.glowgeniuses.allforone;

import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.util.Date;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button btnMainTest;
    private ImageView ivMainTest;
    private TextView tvMainTest;
    private RelativeLayout rlMainTest;
    private ProgressBar pbMainTest;

    // 主线程的Handler
    private EventHandler mainThreadHandler;
    // 非主线程的Handler
    private EventHandler otherThreadHandler;
    // 工作线程
    private HandlerThread handlerThread;

    private Runnable updateProgress;

    private Toast toast;

    private final static int MSG_1001 = 1001;
    private final static int MSG_1002 = 1002;
    private final static int MSG_1003 = 1003;
    private final static int MSG_1004 = 1004;
    private final static int MSG_1005 = 1005;
    private final static int MSG_1006 = 1006;

    private int progress = 0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        ivMainTest = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.ivMainTest);
        btnMainTest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnMainTest);
        tvMainTest = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvMainTest);
        rlMainTest = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rlMainTest);
        pbMainTest = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pbMainTest);

        if (pbMainTest != null) {
            pbMainTest.setMax(2000);
        }

        ivMainTest.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnMainTest.setOnClickListener(this);
        tvMainTest.setOnClickListener(this);
        rlMainTest.setOnClickListener(this);

        // 初始化主线程Handler
        Looper looper;
        if ((looper = Looper.myLooper()) != null) {
            mainThreadHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
        } else if ((looper = Looper.getMainLooper()) != null) {
            mainThreadHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
        } else {
            mainThreadHandler = null;
        }

        // 其他线程
        handlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
        handlerThread.start();
        // 非主线程的handler post的runnable在自线程跑
        otherThreadHandler = new EventHandler(this, handlerThread.getLooper());
        updateProgress = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                progress = progress + 1;
                Message msg1005 = otherThreadHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_1005, progress);
                otherThreadHandler.sendMessage(msg1005);

                // 模拟耗时操作
                otherThreadHandler.postDelayed(updateProgress, 10);
            }
        };
        otherThreadHandler.post(updateProgress);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        if (mainThreadHandler != null) {
            mainThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
        }
        if (otherThreadHandler != null) {
            otherThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
        }
        if (handlerThread != null) {
            handlerThread.quit();
        }
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        if (mainThreadHandler == null) {
            return;
        }
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.tvMainTest:
                // message 不带参数
                Message msg1001 = mainThreadHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_1001);
                mainThreadHandler.sendMessage(msg1001);
                // 也可以写成 msg1001.sendToTarget();
                break;
            case R.id.ivMainTest:
                // message 中带obj参数 非主线程
                Message msg1002 = otherThreadHandler.
                        obtainMessage(MSG_1002, new Date().toLocaleString());
                msg1002.sendToTarget();
                break;
            case R.id.btnMainTest:
                // message 延迟3秒发送
                Message msg1003 = mainThreadHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_1003);
                mainThreadHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg1003, 3000);
                break;
            case R.id.rlMainTest:
                // message 带上两个简单int参数和obj参数
                Message msg1004 = mainThreadHandler.
                        obtainMessage(MSG_1004, 1, 2, new Date().toLocaleString());
                // 指定一个时间发送 SystemClock.uptimeMillis() 当前开机时间
                mainThreadHandler.sendMessageAtTime(msg1004, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + 2000);
                break;
        }
    }

    private void showToast(String tip) {
        if (toast == null) {
            toast = Toast.makeText(this, tip, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
            toast.show();
        } else {
            toast.cancel();
            toast = Toast.makeText(this, tip, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
            toast.show();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理事务
     *
     * @param msg 消息
     */
    private void handlerMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg == null) {
            return;
        }
        switch (msg.what) {
            case MSG_1001:
                showToast("空消息");
                break;
            case MSG_1002:
                showToast((String) msg.obj);
                //这条消息来自子线程,再与主线程通信
                mainThreadHandler.sendMessage(
                        mainThreadHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_1006, "来自子线程"));
                break;
            case MSG_1003:
                showToast("延迟3秒");
                break;
            case MSG_1004:
                showToast(msg.arg1 + " " + msg.arg2 + " " +
                        msg.obj.toString());
                break;
            case MSG_1005:
                pbMainTest.setProgress((Integer) msg.obj);
                break;
            case MSG_1006:
                tvMainTest.setText((String) msg.obj + new Date().toLocaleString());
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handler
     */
    private static class EventHandler extends Handler {
        // 防止Handler Leak
        private final WeakReference<MainActivity> weakReference;

        public EventHandler(MainActivity activity, Looper Looper) {
            super(Looper);
            weakReference = new WeakReference<MainActivity>(activity);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            MainActivity activity = weakReference.get();
            if (activity == null) {
                return;
            }
            if (msg.what != MSG_1005) {
                // 显示其处理的线程id
                Log.d("MainActivity",
                        Thread.currentThread().getId() + " " + msg.what);
            }
            // 事件分发
            activity.handlerMessage(msg);
        }
    }
}