NLTK（text）

本系列博客为学习《用Python进行自然语言处理》一书的学习笔记。

import nltk
form nltk.book import *

text1
Out[64]: <Text: Moby Dick by Herman Melville 1851>

text2
Out[65]: <Text: Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen 1811>

Text::concordance(word)

该方法接受一个单词字符串，会打印出输入单词在文本中出现的上下文，查看单词的上下文可以帮助我们了解单词的词性。

text1.concordance('monstrous')
Displaying 11 of 11 matches:
ong the former , one was of a most monstrous size . ... This came towards us , 
ON OF THE PSALMS . " Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale or ork we have r
ll over with a heathenish array of monstrous clubs and spears . Some were thick
d as you gazed , and wondered what monstrous cannibal and savage could ever hav
that has survived the flood ; most monstrous and most mountainous ! That Himmal
they might scout at Moby Dick as a monstrous fable , or still worse and more de
th of Radney .'" CHAPTER 55 Of the Monstrous Pictures of Whales . I shall ere l
ing Scenes . In connexion with the monstrous pictures of whales , I am strongly
ere to enter upon those still more monstrous stories of them which are to be fo
ght have been rummaged out of this monstrous cabinet there is no telling . But 
of Whale - Bones ; for Whales of a monstrous size are oftentimes cast up dead u

text1.concordance("imperial")
Displaying 10 of 10 matches:
ALING NOT RESPECTABLE ? Whaling is imperial ! By old English statutory law , t
 fortress . Curious to tell , this imperial negro , Ahasuerus Daggoo , was the
h outward homage as if he wore the imperial purple , and not the shabbiest of 
f geographical empire encircles an imperial brain ; then , the plebeian herds 
or profoundly dines with the seven Imperial Electors , so these cabin meals we
 overlording Rome , having for the imperial colour the same imperial hue ; and
g for the imperial colour the same imperial hue ; and though this pre - eminen
 could have furnished him . A most imperial and archangelical apparition of th
ts he should only be treated of in imperial folio . Not to tell over again his
with archangelic shrieks , and his imperial beak thrust upwards , and his whol

Text::similar(word)

该方法接受一个单词字符串，会打印出和输入单词具有相同上下文的其他单词，也就是说找出和指定单词相似的其他单词，比如monstrous用在the_Pictures上下文中，similar方法会打印出所有使用the_Pictures上下文的单词。

text1.similar('monstrous')
imperial subtly impalpable pitiable curious abundant perilous
trustworthy untoward singular lamentable few determined maddens
horrible tyrannical lazy mystifying christian exasperate

Text::common_contexts(words)

该方法接受一个单词列表，会打印出列表中所有单词共同的上下文。

text1.common_contexts(['monstrous', 'imperial'])
most_and

Text::dispersion_plot(words)

该方法接受一个单词列表，会绘制每个单词在文本中的分布情况。

Text::collocations()

该方法会打印出文本中频繁出现的双连词。

text1.collocations()
Sperm Whale; Moby Dick; White Whale; old man; Captain Ahab; sperm
whale; Right Whale; Captain Peleg; New Bedford; Cape Horn; cried Ahab;
years ago; lower jaw; never mind; Father Mapple; cried Stubb; chief
mate; white whale; ivory leg; one hand