虚函数的一点心得

一直对虚函数不太理解,今天写了个小程序玩玩,也算有点心得.

class base
{
 int i;
public:
 base(int I=0):i(I){}
 virtual int sum() const
 {
  return i;
 }

 void printf_i_address()
 {
  printf("i address is :%x/n", &i);
 }
};

class derived:public base
{
 int j;
public:
 derived(int I=0,int J=0):base(I),j(J) {}

 int sum() const {return base::sum()+j;}

 virtual int total() const {return 300;}

 void printf_j_address()
 {
  printf("j address is %x/n",&j);
 }
};

void call(base &b)
{
 printf("%d/n",b.sum());
} 

主程序

base b(100);
  derived d(100,200);

  call(b);
  call(d);

  printf("base size:%d/n",sizeof(b) );
  printf("derived size: %d/n", sizeof(d) );

  printf("base sum address: %x/n",&base::sum);
  printf("derived sum address: %x/n",&derived::sum);
  printf("derived total address: %x/n",&derived::total);

  int* p=(int *)&d;

  printf("derived address = %x/n", p);

  printf("i=%x /n",*(int*)(p+1) );

  d.printf_i_address();

     printf("j=%x/n", *(int*)(p+2) );

  d.printf_j_address();

 
  int vptr=*p;
  printf("vptr address: %x/n",vptr);

  printf("vptr1 address: %x/n",*(int*)vptr);

  printf("vptr2 address: %x/n",*(int*)(vptr+4) );

结果输出有点出人意料

&base::sum == &derived::sum (在我的机器上都是401130，而且跟*(int*)vptr 不等)

不是因该相等的吗?

没办法，从汇编看

401130是啥

.text:00401130 loc_401130:                             ; DATA XREF: _wmain+6Bo
.text:00401130                                         ; _wmain+77o
.text:00401130                 mov     eax, [ecx]
.text:00401132                 jmp     dword ptr [eax]

明白了，这就是虚函数, 直接跳转到vptr 表中的函数,也就是*(int*)vptr .

从实现原理看,就是变 不变代码到动态代码.(不知道是不是说的清楚)