In SAP ERP prior to EHP 4, there exist a function to deal with customer head office and branch relationships. You can maintain the relationships in customer master data, the result of which is the customer head office will be the only receivable account of FI side, while the branches under it will have individual accounts no more. That means, every invoice of the branches will be directly posted to the receivable account of the head office. Of course, there is a field in the line item indicating the branch, though.
As of EHP 4, SAP has made enhancement for the functionality by allowing you to handle the receivables at branch account level, and at the same time, facilitating you to display and manage the whole situation at the head office account level, and which can be further expanded to the branch details.
The benefits of the enhancement, as I understand it, are:
It provides a clearer vision of the customer group.
It provides a better way matching the business operation in real world. The supplier now can assign its branches or staffs to handle the collection of individual customer branches, while control and supervise the whole situation centrally.
The function should lie in the collection management of the FSCM.
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