缓存,为什么使用缓存?
重复的查询操作会让数据库做一些无用工作,缓存的引入让数据库减少了IO操作,减少了服务器的压力。ehcache是Java里最常用的一个缓存框架,它分为页面缓存和业务缓存,我们这里只说业务缓存。
首先新建一个ehcache.xml
<ehcache> <!-- <diskStore path="F://ehcache//dir"/>--> <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/> <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="1000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" overflowToDisk="true" /> <cache name="DEFAULT_CACHE" maxElementsInMemory="10000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="300000" timeToLiveSeconds="600000" overflowToDisk="true" /> </ehcache>
ehcache.xml中的diskStore 配置有本地缓存和IO缓存,java.io.tmpdir为IO缓存,需要消耗一定的服务器性能。
cache操作,新增缓存和删缓存
public class MethodCacheInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor, InitializingBean { private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(MethodCacheInterceptor.class); private Cache cache; public void setCache(Cache cache) { this.cache = cache; } public MethodCacheInterceptor() { super(); } /** * 拦截Service/DAO的方法,并查找该结果是否存在,如果存在就返回cache中的值, * 否则,返回数据库查询结果,并将查询结果放入cache */ public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable { String targetName = invocation.getThis().getClass().getName(); String methodName = invocation.getMethod().getName(); Object[] arguments = invocation.getArguments(); Object result; logger.info("发现对象缓存来自 " + cache.getName()); String cacheKey = getCacheKey(targetName, methodName, arguments); Element element = cache.get(cacheKey); if (element == null) { logger.info("保持方法,得到的结果和方法创建缓存........!"); result = invocation.proceed(); element = new Element(cacheKey, (Serializable) result); cache.put(element); } return element.getObjectValue(); } /** * 获得cache key的方法,cache key是Cache中一个Element的唯一标识 * cache key包括 包名+类名+方法名,如com.co.cache.service.UserServiceImpl.getAllUser */ private String getCacheKey(String targetName, String methodName, Object[] arguments) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(targetName).append(".").append(methodName); if ((arguments != null) && (arguments.length != 0)) { for (int i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) { sb.append(".").append(arguments[i]); } } return sb.toString(); } /** * implement InitializingBean,检查cache是否为空 */ public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { Assert.notNull(cache, "需要一个高速缓存。请使用setCache(Cache)创建它。"); } }
public class MethodCacheAfterAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice, InitializingBean { private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(MethodCacheAfterAdvice.class); private Cache cache; public void setCache(Cache cache) { this.cache = cache; } public MethodCacheAfterAdvice() { super(); } public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2, Object arg3) throws Throwable { String className = arg3.getClass().getName(); List<?> list = cache.getKeys(); //获取到该类中所有的缓存方法 清除之 for(int i = 0;i<list.size();i++){ String cacheKey = String.valueOf(list.get(i)); if(cacheKey.startsWith(className)){ cache.remove(cacheKey); logger.info("删除缓存 " + cacheKey); } } } public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { Assert.notNull(cache, "需要一个缓存. 请使用setCache(Cache) 创建它."); } }
spring-cache.xml配置
<!-- 引用ehCache的配置 --> <bean id="defaultCacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation"> <value>classpath:ehcache.xml</value> </property> </bean> <!-- 定义ehCache的工厂,并设置所使用的Cache name --> <bean id="ehCache" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheFactoryBean"> <property name="cacheManager"> <ref local="defaultCacheManager"/> </property> <property name="cacheName"> <value>DEFAULT_CACHE</value> </property> </bean> <!-- find/create cache拦截器 --> <bean id="methodCacheInterceptor" class="com.iitdev.cache.MethodCacheInterceptor"> <property name="cache"> <ref local="ehCache" /> </property> </bean> <!-- flush cache拦截器 --> <bean id="methodCacheAfterAdvice" class="com.iitdev.cache.MethodCacheAfterAdvice"> <property name="cache"> <ref local="ehCache" /> </property> </bean> <bean id="methodCachePointCut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor"> <property name="advice"> <ref local="methodCacheInterceptor"/> </property> <property name="mappedNames"> <list> <value>find*</value> <value>get*</value> <value>search*</value> <value>select*</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="methodCachePointCutAdvice" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor"> <property name="advice"> <ref local="methodCacheAfterAdvice"/> </property> <property name="mappedNames"> <list> <value>modify*</value> <value>delete*</value> <value>insert*</value> <value>save*</value> </list> </property> </bean>
使用自动装配bean设置缓存拦截器
<!-- 自动装配事务到bean --> <bean id="autoTrx" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> <property name="beanNames"> <list> <value>*BS</value> </list> </property> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>trxInterceptor</value> <value>methodCachePointCutAdvice</value> <value>methodCachePointCut</value> </list> </property> </bean>