通才与专家_专家vs.通才：谁赢了？

通才与专家

Many fields with a great amount of depth, like web design and development, have a split of service providers. Some offer specialized services while others focus on a more general area. Having done both myself, I think there are merits (and detriments) to each, although I certainly have my own opinion about what works best! But before we get into that, let’s take a look at the match up.

Web设计和开发等许多深度较深的领域都有服务提供商的分离。 有些提供专门服务，而另一些则专注于更广泛的领域。 我自己都做过，我认为每个人都有优点(也有弊端)，尽管我当然对哪种方法最有效有自己的看法！ 但是在进行讨论之前，让我们看一下比赛。

The Specialist

专家

The specialist may have purposefully chosen their area of specialty, or they could have bumped into it one day and it stuck. Either way, they have great depth of experience in one specific area. They focus all of their effort, including skill development, on that one specialty. Some pros of being a specialist include:

专家可能有目的地选择了他们的专业领域，或者他们可能有一天碰到了专业领域而陷入困境。 无论哪种方式，他们在一个特定领域都有丰富的经验。 他们将所有努力(包括技能开发)集中于该专业。 成为专家的一些优点包括：

• They are experts in their specialty.
  他们是专业领域的专家。
• They know the work inside and out, upside and down.
  他们知道内外，上下颠倒的工作。
• They may have an easier time selling their services once they find their market.
  一旦找到市场，他们可能会更轻松地出售服务。
• They can charge more.
  他们可以收取更多费用。
• Their work process is streamlined.
  他们的工作流程得到了简化。

OK, flip it over. Some cons:

好，把它翻过来 一些缺点：

• They have no “filler” services to pick up the slack when work slows.
  他们没有“补给”服务，可以在工作缓慢时收拾工作。
• Their market may be too narrow for consistent income.
  他们的市场可能太狭窄，无法获得稳定的收入。
• They probably have to turn down or outsource a lot of work.
  他们可能不得不拒绝或外包大量工作。
• They limit their ability to expand their business.
  他们限制了扩展业务的能力。
• They risk going out of business if their specialty becomes obsolete.
  如果他们的专业已过时，他们可能会破产。

The Generalist

通才

The generalist may consciously choose to offer a broad spectrum of services, or they may not have been able to develop expert-level skills in one specific area. Generalists may be very good at doing many things, but typically are not at the same expert level as specialists at any one service.

通才可能有意识地选择提供广泛的服务，或者他们可能无法在一个特定领域发展专家级的技能。 通才可能擅长于做很多事情，但通常不具备与任何一项服务的专家相同的专家水平。

The pros:

优点：

• They are able to market to a broader audience.
  他们能够向更广泛的受众进行营销。
• They have more services to offer current and past clients in order to generate additional work.
  他们提供更多服务来为现有和过去的客户提供服务，以产生更多的工作。
• They can easily add, remove and update service offerings to match the market.
  他们可以轻松地添加，删除和更新服务产品以适应市场。
• They have broad peripheral knowledge, which may be enough for some clients.
  他们具有广泛的外围知识，对于某些客户而言可能已经足够。
• They can provide clients with alternatives if one solution is not a fit.
  如果一种解决方案不合适，他们可以为客户提供其他选择。

The cons:

缺点：

• They probably have to turn down or outsource specialized work.
  他们可能不得不拒绝或外包专业工作。
• They have more to juggle in terms of project management.
  他们在项目管理方面还有很多工作要做。
• Their rates may be lower.
  他们的比率可能更低。

Specialist vs. generalist is like comparing the coffee selection at a warehouse club and then going to a gourmet coffee shop. One gives you a selection; you can make a choice and pick a coffee that’s within your budget. The other is only for the serious coffee drinkers who know what they want and are willing to pay a premium for it. The warehouse club has a lot more traffic and sales. The gourmet shop is a harder sell, but a bigger one.

专家vs.通才就像在仓库俱乐部比较咖啡选择，然后去一家美食咖啡店。 一个给你选择； 您可以做出选择并选择预算范围内的咖啡。 另一个仅适用于认真的咖啡饮用者，他们知道自己想要什么，并愿意为此支付高价。 仓库俱乐部有更多的流量和销售量。 美食店卖得比较难，但是卖得更大。

There are advantages to being in both groups, but I think the only way to be truly successful is by being a little of both. You can be a specialist, but in order to be able to develop a profitable business (of course, depending on what your specialty is), you may need to be able to supplement your specialty services with some add-on services that may not be exactly in line with your focus. On the generalist side, you can’t just do everything mediocre. You can offer a lot of services, but you need to do all of them well and some of them perfectly. If you’re not at least doing them well, it may be time to consider not offering those services.

在这两个群体中都有优势，但是我认为真正成功的唯一方法就是两者都少。 您可以是专家，但是为了能够发展盈利业务(当然，这取决于您的专业)，您可能需要能够用一些附加服务来补充您的专业服务完全符合您的关注重点。 在通才方面，您不能仅做平庸的事情。 您可以提供很多服务，但是您需要很好地完成所有服务，并且其中一些服务必须完美。 如果您至少做得不好，也许是时候考虑不提供这些服务了。

Anyway, that’s my take. What’s yours? Are you a generalist or a specialist? Or a mix of both?

无论如何，这是我的看法。 你的是啥呢？ 您是通才还是专家？ 还是两者兼而有之？

Image credit: Lynne Lancaster

图片来源： Lynne Lancaster

翻译自: https://www.sitepoint.com/specialist-vs-generalist-who-wins/

通才与专家