怎么搭建自己的播客
Ever feel like taking your voice to the web, literally? Podcasts are a great way to interact with people and supplement a blog. Here’s what you need to know, from buying a mic to hosting it on your site.
从字面上看，您是否想过将声音传到网络上？ 播客是与人互动和补充博客的好方法。 这是您需要了解的，从购买麦克风到在网站上托管它。
(Image by notfrancois)
(图片由notfrancois提供 )
步骤1：前提和奉献精神 (Step 1: Premise and Dedication)
An audio podcast – netcast, if you really want to be brand impartial – is a great way to start a communicative repertoire with people over the internet. It’s also a great supplement to a blog, for readers who don’t have time or for more in-depth analysis. Before you do anything, though, you really have to nail down a premise. How is your podcast going to work for you? What is it supposed to do for your readers? How long will it run? How many people will host, and will you have guests? Is it straight-forward like a talk-show, or a sound-scape with effects and background music? Planning a general outline is a good idea, too, so you can fill it in for each episode. Organization makes podcasts much easier to listen to and understand, and if you have to put in ads you’ll know where to break.
音频播客–网络广播，如果您真的想保持品牌公正-是一种通过互联网与人们进行交流的绝佳途径。 对于没有时间或进行更深入分析的读者而言，它也是博客的重要补充。 但是，在执行任何操作之前，您确实必须确定一个前提。 您的播客将如何为您服务？ 它应该为您的读者做什么？ 它会运行多久？ 会有多少人接待，请问有客人吗？ 是像脱口秀一样简单，还是带有效果和背景音乐的声景？ 计划总体轮廓也是一个好主意，因此您可以为每个情节填写它。 组织使播客更容易收听和理解，而且如果您必须投放广告，您将知道在哪里中断。
Whether you’re doing a small-time podcast or a fully-professional one, dedication is key. Unlike blog posts, where a momentary tangent can set you off and you can churn post after post out at your leisure, podcasts are more structured. There’s less time for tangents, and you need to have source material for your talk at your disposal. Even if you’re only doing a monthly podcast, there’s still a lot of preparation to go through, and this is all before you consider the physical equipment and bandwidth you’ll need. You shouldn’t be discouraged, but you need to realize that it takes time, effort, and a lot of dedication to be able to finish episodes. It’s definitely a responsibility, but there’s plenty of it that’s fun and entertaining, too.
无论您是进行小型播客还是专业播客，奉献都是关键。 与博客文章不同，在博客中，短暂的切线会让您引以为豪，您可以在闲暇后发布之后再进行发布，而播客则更加结构化。 切线的时间更少，您需要掌握讲话的原始资料。 即使您只进行每月播客，仍然需要进行大量准备工作，而这一切都是在考虑所需的物理设备和带宽之前进行的。 您不应该灰心，但是您需要意识到，完成情节需要时间，精力和很多奉献精神。 这绝对是一种责任，但也有很多乐趣和娱乐性。
步骤2：设备 (Step 2: Equipment)
(Image by themaccraic-david)
(图片来自themaccraic-david )
Here’s a list of equipment you will probably need in some form:
这是您可能需要的某种形式的设备清单：
- Microphone 麦克风
- Preamp/Condenser/Hardware EQ 前置放大器/电容器/硬件均衡器
- Computer 电脑
- Audio Editor 音频编辑器
- Headphones 头戴式耳机
- Stands for Mic(s) 代表麦克风
Since you’re recording audio, the most important piece of equipment is your microphone. This is where most people will probably spend most of their money, and rightfully so. If you don’t capture good audio, there’s little you can do to bring the quality up. As the adage goes, Garbage In = Garbage Out. There are two types of microphones that are relevant here, dynamic and condenser. Dynamic mics are usually more expensive, but they do a great job of isolating the voice so you can get rid of background noise. Condenser mics are cheaper and make your voice sound more “natural,” but they’re more vulnerable to background noise. The Heil PR 40, at $320, is a unanimously recommended dynamic mic that still sounds very warm and natural, and there’s even a shockmount available for it.
由于您正在录制音频，因此最重要的设备是麦克风。 这是大多数人可能会花掉大部分钱的地方，这是正确的。 如果您没有捕获好的音频，那么您几乎无能为力地提高质量。 随着谚语的发展，垃圾进场=垃圾出场。 这里有两种相关的麦克风，动态麦克风和电容麦克风。 动态麦克风通常较为昂贵，但它们在隔离声音方面做得很好，因此可以消除背景噪音。 电容麦克风更便宜，使您的声音听起来更“自然”，但它们更容易受到背景噪音的影响。 Heil PR 40 ，售价为320美元，是一种通用推荐的动圈式麦克风，听起来仍然很温暖自然，甚至还有防震架。
Ultimately, it depends on your setup. If you’ve got more professional means, you can afford better equipment or hire someone to man the mic who knows good technique. If you’re on a lower budget, though, it makes sense to spend more for a dynamic mic with a good stand. Check to see if your mic requires a preamp to boost its signal; some do and some don’t, but it’s an additional cost to factor in. USB mics are an option as well, the advantage being that they don’t require an audio interface, but if you step up later on to more professional equipment, you’ll have to replace it. The Samson Meteor Mic is a great choice for $100.
最终，这取决于您的设置。 如果您拥有更专业的方法，则可以负担得起更好的设备，也可以聘请有人来管理技术娴熟的麦克风。 但是，如果您的预算较低，那么花更多的钱购买性能良好的动圈麦克风是有道理的。 检查您的麦克风是否需要前置放大器来增强其信号； 有些确实需要，有些则不需要。但这也是一个额外的成本。USB麦克风也是一种选择，其优点是它们不需要音频接口，但是如果您稍后使用更专业的设备，您将不得不更换它。 售价100美元的Samson Meteor Mic是不错的选择。
If you’re running a podcast, odds are you’ll have a computer that can handle audio processing and the like. The benefit of having a real preamp, a hardware compressor, or hardware EQ, is that you’re getting a really good signal from the mic. Some mics (especially the XLR type) require preamps or a proper audio interface to add gain and allow your computer to work with them. The M-Audio Fast Track Pro is a 4×4 USB audio interface with preamps built in. It works and sounds great, is pretty portable, and can be found cheaply for about $170. If you’re on a low budget and using a USB mic, you can probably skip the preamp and use good recording software.
如果您正在播客，那么您将拥有一台可以处理音频处理等功能的计算机。 使用真正的前置放大器，硬件压缩器或硬件均衡器的好处是，您会从麦克风中获得非常好的信号。 某些麦克风(尤其是XLR类型的麦克风)需要前置放大器或适当的音频接口才能增加增益，并使您的计算机可以使用它们。 M-Audio Fast Track Pro是一个带有内置前置放大器的4×4 USB音频接口。它的工作原理和声音听起来很棒，非常便于携带，并且价格便宜，大约需要170美元。 如果您的预算较低且使用USB麦克风，则可以跳过前置放大器并使用优质的录音软件。
As far as software goes, Audacity is a great, free, cross-platform sound editor that also records really well. If you don’t mind spending some money, Adobe’s Soundbooth is good, and Mac users have GarageBand, and both make editing audio much easier.
就软件而言， Audacity是一款出色的，免费的，跨平台的声音编辑器，它的录音效果也非常好。 如果您不介意花一些钱，那么Adobe的Soundbooth很好，而Mac用户拥有GarageBand ，两者都使编辑音频变得更加容易。
Good stands are important because they can dampen ambient feedback and keep your hands free to use your computer. They’re also really important because they take strain off of your neck and back. This is key when you’re trying to speak clearly, enunciate, and project. Slipping a thick sock over your mic works pretty well in place of a pop filter if you’re on a budget, and this is important because it allows you to keep the mic close to you when recording.
良好的支架非常重要，因为它们可以减轻环境反馈，并使您的双手可以自由使用计算机。 它们也非常重要，因为它们可以减轻脖子和背部的负担。 当您尝试清晰地说出，阐明和突出说明时，这是关键。 如果预算有限，可以在麦克风上放一个厚实的袜子来代替流行过滤器，效果很好，这很重要，因为它可以使您在录音时使麦克风保持靠近您的位置。
Lastly, you’ll want a good pair of headphones. You need to hear what everyone – whether remotely on Skype, from the mic right next to you, or just you – are saying, and you need to do it without it feeding back into the mic. In-ear monitors work really well, or over-the-ear cans, but whichever you choose, make sure they’re decent quality. Those old iPod headphones you have laying around probably won’t cut it.
最后，您需要一副好耳机。 您需要听到每个人(无论是在Skype上，在您旁边的麦克风上还是在您本人附近)在说什么，并且您需要做到这一点而又不让它反馈到麦克风中。 入耳式监听器或入耳式听筒确实可以很好地工作，但是无论您选择哪种方式，都要确保它们质量不错。 您随身携带的那些旧iPod耳机可能不会剪下来。
步骤3：设定和记录 (Step 3: Setup and Recording)
(Image by theunabonger)
(图片由theunabonger提供 )
Once you’ve decided on your equipment, you need to designate your setup. You need a professional sound studio, just a clear room where people can move, sit, and talk without much background noise. If you’re in a more public setting, you’ll need better equipment, but it can be done. Mic stands are optimal because you want to be free – free to move your arms and free to keep a good posture. Get a good recording level from close to the mic, and hopefully that sock will keep the spikes in volume down. Compressors are good for this reason, but like previously stated, aren’t completely necessary.
确定设备后，需要指定设置。 您需要一个专业的录音室，一个洁净的房间，人们可以在其中移动，坐下和讲话，而不会产生太大的背景噪音。 如果您处于更公开的环境中，则需要更好的设备，但是可以做到。 麦克风支架是理想的选择，因为您想要自由-自由移动手臂并自由保持良好姿势。 从靠近麦克风处获得良好的录音水平，并希望袜子可以使音量峰值降低。 出于这个原因，压缩机是好的，但并非如前所述，并不是完全必要的。
Once everyone’s comfortable, record. Try to speak slowly and enunciate. This isn’t just for the listeners; you can edit much better if you can hear things clearly and your voice has a steady pace. You’re going to mess up here and there, and that’s fine. Just say that you need to cut/edit it (so you can remember to do so when you go through it again), and keep talking. Leave some breaks when you can, and if you need, you can always record in different sessions. And lastly, don’t forget to keep sipping water. Talking is a thirsty business!
一旦每个人都舒服，记录下来。 试着慢慢说出来。 这不仅是为了听众； 如果您可以清晰听到声音并且声音保持平稳，则可以进行更好的编辑。 您会在这里和那里弄乱，没关系。 只需说您需要剪切/编辑它(这样您就可以记住当您再次浏览它时就这样做了)，然后继续讲话。 如果可以，请在可能的时候稍事休息，您可以随时在不同的会话中进行录制。 最后，别忘了继续喝水。 说话是口渴的事！
步骤4：编辑和抛光音频 (Step 4: Editing and Polishing the Audio)
If you started with good audio like you should have, then you just need to make edits and cut out the errors. You may want to add breaks and put ads in. Luckily, we’ve got a article that’ll tell you just how to go about making these kinds of edits using Audacity!
如果您以应有的良好音频开始，那么您只需要进行编辑并消除错误即可。 您可能需要添加中断并放入广告。幸运的是，我们有一篇文章将告诉您如何使用Audacity进行此类编辑！
The How-To Geek Guide to Audio Editing: Cutting, Trimming & Arranging
How To Use Crossfade in Audacity for Seamless Transitions Between Audio Tracks
In general, you want the audio to be clear, so you can use some noise removal if your mic or recording settings didn’t filter everything out. It should also have an even volume throughout the track. The compressor effect in Audacity is easy to use if you know how it works. If you don’t, we’ve also got your covered: HTG Explains: How Does Dynamic Range Compression Change Audio?
通常，您希望音频清晰，因此，如果您的麦克风或录音设置没有将所有内容过滤掉，则可以使用一些噪音消除功能。 整个轨道上的音量也应均匀。 如果您知道Audacity的压缩效果是如何工作的，则它很容易使用。 如果您没有，我们也会为您服务： HTG解释：动态范围压缩如何改变音频？
When all is said and done, you can export everything into a .mp3 or .aac file. You can raise the quality if you’re adding music and have multiple speakers, but if it’s just you and you have a good quality recording, you might be able to compress it down without a lot of negative effects and you can probably get away with mono audio. Plain voice tracks aren’t really complicated, and unless you tried to make it more “interesting,” a 64 kbps .mp3 in mono is fine. If you’ve got more going on, you can go with a 128 or 160 kbps file in stereo. Keep in mind your bandwidth limitations.
说完所有内容后，您可以将所有内容导出到.mp3或.aac文件。 如果您要添加音乐并有多个扬声器，则可以提高音质，但是如果只有您并且您的录音质量很好，则可以将其压缩而没有很多负面影响，并且可以避免这种情况。单声道音频。 普通的音轨并不是真的很复杂，除非您尝试使其变得更“有趣”，否则单声道的64 kbps .mp3很好。 如果还有更多事情要做，可以以立体声处理128或160 kbps的文件。 请记住您的带宽限制。
步骤5：上网！ (Step 5: To the Web!)
(Image by Bert Heymans)
(图片由Bert Heymans拍摄 )
Finally, you’ve bought the equipment, talked and talked, and edited it down to a nice organized piece of discussionary art. How are you going to get people to listen? There’s two parts to that: the hosting and the feed. Hosting is where the podcast is coming from, whether it’s your website, or a higher-bandwidth storage space. Feeds are how they’re accessed by a reader/aggregator, like iTunes.
最后，您已经购买了设备，进行了交谈和交谈，然后将其编辑为井井有条的讨论艺术。 您如何让人们听？ 其中有两个部分：托管和提要。 托管是播客的来源，无论是您的网站还是更高带宽的存储空间。 提要是读取器/聚合器(例如iTunes)如何访问提要。
If you have your own blog, you can host your own podcast and design your own feed. There are plenty of web resources on how to create your own iTunes-compliant podcast RSS feed. Podcast Generator is a great PHP script that lets you easily publish a proper RSS feed for your podcasts. It’s open source, so if you have your own hosting, you should check it out.
如果您拥有自己的博客，则可以托管自己的播客并设计自己的feed。 有关如何创建自己的iTunes兼容播客RSS feed的大量Web资源。 Podcast Generator是一个很棒PHP脚本，可让您轻松地为您的Podcast发布适当的RSS feed。 它是开源的，因此，如果您拥有自己的主机，则应将其签出。
If you’re running your podcast independently of a website, you may want to consider third-party hosting. Often, these websites will not only host your podcasts, but will make the proper RSS for you as well. You can advertise/publicize it as you need and the feed’s URL will go back to the host. The downside to this approach is that there are often limitations, either to length, file size, or bandwidth, or the amount you have to pay per month to expand them. Here’s a short list of a few podcast hosts:
如果您独立于网站运行播客，则可能需要考虑第三方托管。 这些网站通常不仅会托管您的播客，还会为您制作适当的RSS。 您可以根据需要对其进行广告/发布，并且Feed的URL将返回到主机。 这种方法的缺点是通常存在一些限制，例如长度，文件大小或带宽，或者您每月必须支付的扩展费用。 以下是一些播客主持人的简短列表：
While you can do a podcast for free, you definitely want to spend at least a little on better equipment. Things can get expensive quick, but if you know an audiophile, you can probably get access to a lot of decent components cheaply. If money is an issue, you can always start with what you’ve got and improve as you go. There’s a lot out there and with podcasts having taken off over the past several years, you’ll find some good deals and information out there specifically for this niche. But don’t forget that all the fancy equipment in the world won’t make a difference unless you have something to say.
虽然您可以免费进行播客，但您绝对希望至少花一点钱购买更好的设备。 事情可能很快就变得昂贵，但是如果您了解发烧友，则可能可以廉价地使用许多不错的组件。 如果金钱是一个问题，那么您始终可以从拥有的资产入手，并随您的发展而不断改善。 那里有很多东西，并且在过去几年中播客蓬勃发展，您会发现一些专门针对此细分市场的优惠交易和信息。 但是不要忘记，除非您有什么话要说，否则世界上所有的高档设备都不会有所作为。
Do you record at home? Have you started your own podcast? Are you an avid listener? Join the comments and help out some podcasters who are just starting out!
你在家录音吗？ 您是否已开始自己的播客？ 您是一个狂热的听众吗？ 加入评论并为刚开始的一些播客提供帮助！
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/60697/how-to-create-and-run-your-own-audio-podcast/
怎么搭建自己的播客
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