mac应用删除显示更新_如何更新Mac并使应用保持最新

mac应用删除显示更新

Keeping your Mac up-to-date may seem like a chore, but it’s an essential part of protecting yourself online. Apple and app developers patch security holes when they’re found—and they add helpful new features to macOS and your applications, too.

使Mac保持最新状态可能看起来很麻烦，但这是保护自己在线的重要组成部分。 Apple和应用程序开发人员在发现安全漏洞后立即进行了修补，他们还向macOS和您的应用程序添加了有用的新功能。

Beyond the usual security patches and app updates, Apple offers shiny new versions of macOS to Mac users every year—for free. We’ll explain how it all works. You can automate much of this process so that updates take care of themselves without bothering you, too.

除了通常的安全补丁和应用程序更新之外，Apple每年都免费向Mac用户提供闪亮的macOS新版本。 我们将解释其全部工作原理。 您可以自动执行此过程中的大部分操作，以便更新也能自理，而不会打扰您。

如何安装macOS更新 (How to Install macOS Updates)

Apple releases a new major version of macOS each year, usually around October. In between major updates, supplemental patches are deployed to fix bugs, patch security holes, and sometimes add new features and support for new products. These patches are referred to simply as updates and recorded in the version number, with 10.14.3 being the third such update to macOS 10.14.

苹果每年通常在十月左右发布macOS的新主要版本。 在两次重大更新之间，会部署补充补丁来修复错误，补丁安全漏洞，有时还会添加新功能和对新产品的支持。 这些修补程序简称为更新，并记录在版本号中，其中10.14.3是对macOS 10.14的第三次此类更新。

These updates make changes to the core operating system, first-party apps like Safari and Mail, and may include firmware updates for hardware and peripherals. You don’t need to worry about installing the wrong thing since Apple only provides updates that are relevant to your Mac.

这些更新会更改核心操作系统，Safari和Mail等第一方应用程序，并且可能包括硬件和外围设备的固件更新。 您无需担心安装错误的东西，因为Apple仅提供与Mac相关的更新。

If you’re using macOS Mojave 10.14 or a newer version of macOS, you can update your Mac by clicking on “System Preferences” in the dock then choosing “Software Update” in the window that appears. Or, click the Apple menu icon on the menu bar and select “System Preferences.”

如果您使用的是macOS Mojave 10.14或更高版本的macOS ，则可以通过单击扩展坞中的“系统偏好设置”，然后在出现的窗口中选择“软件更新”来更新Mac。 或者，单击菜单栏上的Apple菜单图标，然后选择“系统偏好设置”。

You can also search for this option by pressing Command+Spacebar, then typing “software update” to in the Spotlight window that appears.

您还可以通过按Command +空格键，然后在出现的Spotlight窗口中键入“软件更新”来搜索此选项。

Assuming you’re connected to the internet, your Mac will check for any available system updates. Click “Update Now” to start the update process. Your Mac may need to restart before the process is complete.

假设您已连接到Internet，则Mac将检查任何可用的系统更新。 单击“立即更新”以开始更新过程。 Mac可能需要重新启动才能完成该过程。

If you don’t see a “Software Update” option in the System Preferences window, you have macOS 10.13 or earlier installed. You must apply operating system updates via the Mac App Store.

如果在“系统偏好设置”窗口中没有看到“软件更新”选项，则说明您安装了macOS 10.13或更早版本。 您必须通过Mac App Store应用操作系统更新。

Launch the App Store from the dock and click on the “Updates” tab. Once the window has refreshed, you should see any updates listed as “macOS 10.xx.x Update” (depending on your version).

从扩展坞启动App Store，然后单击“更新”选项卡。 刷新窗口后，您应该会看到列出为“ macOS 10.xx.x更新”的所有更新(取决于您的版本)。

Click “Update” next to the relevant entry, or click “Update All” at the top of the screen to update everything. You may need to restart your Mac for the update to take effect.

单击相关条目旁边的“更新”，或单击屏幕顶部的“全部更新”以更新所有内容。 您可能需要重新启动Mac才能使更新生效。

Generally, the most recent three major versions of macOS are supported with security updates. You can view information about the latest security updates on Apple’s security update page if you like.

通常， 安全更新支持 macOS的最新的三个主要版本。 您可以根据需要在Apple的安全更新页面上查看有关最新安全更新的信息。

如何自动安装更新 (How to Automatically Install Updates)

Your Mac can automatically check for, download, and install various types of updates.

您的Mac可以自动检查，下载和安装各种类型的更新。

For macOS 10.4 Mojave or later, head to System Preferences > Software Update and click on the “Advanced” button to control automatic updates. For macOS 10.3 High Sierra or earlier, you can find these options under System Preferences > App Store.

对于macOS 10.4 Mojave或更高版本，请转到“系统偏好设置”>“软件更新”，然后单击“高级”按钮以控制自动更新。 对于macOS 10.3 High Sierra或更早版本，您可以在“系统偏好设置”>“ App Store”下找到这些选项。

Enable “Check for updates” to have your Mac automatically check for updates and put a notification in the top-right corner of the screen if anything is found. If you disable this, you will need to check for updates in this menu manually.

启用“检查更新”以使Mac自动检查更新，如果发现任何内容，则在屏幕的右上角显示一条通知。 如果禁用此功能，则需要在此菜单中手动检查更新。

Enabling “Download new updates when available” will download any available system updates and notify you when they’re ready to install. You will have to manually install these updates by clicking on the notification or visiting System Preferences > Software Update.

启用“在可用时下载新更新”将下载所有可用的系统更新，并在准备安装时通知您。 您必须通过单击通知或访问系统偏好设置>软件更新来手动安装这些更新。

Choosing to “Install macOS updates” or “Install app updates from App Store” will install system and app updates automatically. You won’t need to manually approve anything, though you may be prompted to restart your machine for the updates to take effect.

选择“安装macOS更新”或“从App Store安装应用程序更新”将自动安装系统和应用程序更新。 尽管可能会提示您重新启动计算机以使更新生效，但是您无需手动批准任何操作。

System data files are often only installed when you use a feature that relies on them. Some examples include speech recognition assets, improvements to your Mac’s text to speech capabilities, fonts, and dictionary definitions. Security updates are downloads that patch known vulnerabilities in your system, even if you are running an older version of macOS. These include updates for the XProtect anti-malware feature built into macOS.

系统数据文件通常仅在您使用依赖于它们的功能时才安装。 一些示例包括语音识别资产，Mac文本到语音功能的改进，字体和字典定义。 安全更新是指可以修补系统中已知漏洞的下载文件，即使您运行的是旧版macOS。 其中包括macOS内置的XProtect反恶意软件功能的更新。

We recommend leaving automatic updates enabled so that your Mac remains secure and all macOS features work as advertised. If you turn it off, you will have to install these updates manually via Software Update instead.

我们建议启用自动更新功能，以使Mac保持安全，并且所有macOS功能都可以正常运行。 如果将其关闭，则必须改为通过“软件更新”手动安装这些更新。

如何将macOS升级到下一个主要版本 (How to Upgrade macOS to the Next Major Version)

Upgrading macOS is different from updating it because you move from one major version to the next. These updates are made available once a year and introduce more pronounced changes than regular patches. You can discover the latest version of macOS by visiting Apple’s website.

升级macOS与更新macOS有所不同，因为您是从一个主要版本迁移到另一个主要版本。 这些更新每年提供一次，并且比常规补丁引入更明显的变化。 您可以通过访问Apple网站来发现最新版本的macOS。

Be aware that it’s difficult to downgrade your Mac to the previous version of macOS. Make sure any software that you rely on is compatible with the latest version of macOS before you take the plunge. You may have to wipe your Mac and reinstall macOS if you need to go back. You could also fully restore your current macOS system state from a Time Machine backup—assuming you created one first.

请注意，很难将Mac降级到以前的macOS版本。 在尝试之前，请确保您依赖的任何软件都与最新版本的macOS兼容。 如果需要返回，可能必须擦除Mac并重新安装macOS 。 您还可以从Time Machine备份中完全还原当前的macOS系统状态 -假设您是第一个创建的。

Before installing updates for your core operating system, it’s always a good idea to have a backup to hand in case things go wrong. You can create a backup using Time Machine and a spare hard drive for free. You can also use third party software to create a bootable backup if you want.

在为核心操作系统安装更新之前，最好准备好备份以防万一出错。 您可以免费使用Time Machine和备用硬盘驱动器创建备份 。 如果需要，您还可以使用第三方软件来创建可启动备份 。

The latest version of macOS will always be made available via the Mac App Store. Launch the App  Store by clicking its icon in your dock or by clicking the Apple icon on the menu bar and selecting “App Store.”

macOS的最新版本将始终通过Mac App Store提供。 通过单击扩展坞中的图标或单击菜单栏上的Apple图标并选择“ App Store”来启动App Store。

New versions are often highlighted on the “Discover” tab (or “Featured” tab on older versions), or you can search for “macOS” to find the latest result.

新版本通常在“发现”选项卡(或旧版本上的“精选”选项卡)上突出显示，或者您可以搜索“ macOS”以找到最新结果。

Click “Get” on the App Store entry to begin the download. You may need to enter your Apple ID password or use Touch ID if your computer allows it. Major operating system updates can take a while to download.

在App Store条目上单击“获取”以开始下载。 如果计算机允许，您可能需要输入Apple ID密码或使用Touch ID。 主要的操作系统更新可能需要一段时间才能下载。

Once the download is complete, the update process should automatically start. You can quit the installer and resume at any time by launching the “Install macOS [name]” application (where “name” is the name of the latest release). Upgrading your operating system can take anywhere from 30 minutes to a few hours, and will result in multiple restarts while the update is applied.

下载完成后，更新过程应自动开始。 您可以通过启动“ Install macOS [name]”应用程序(其中“ name”是最新版本的名称)随时退出安装程序并继续。 升级操作系统可能需要30分钟到几个小时的时间，并且在应用更新时将导致多次重新启动。

更新Mac App Store应用程序 (Updating Your Mac App Store Apps)

The Mac App Store makes it easy to find, install, and maintain software on your Mac. All apps featured in the App Store are approved by Apple and sandboxed by design, which means they are run in a secure environment that shouldn’t result in damage to your Mac.

Mac App Store使在Mac上查找，安装和维护软件变得容易。 App Store中精选的所有应用程序均经过Apple的认可，并经过设计沙盒处理，这意味着它们在安全的环境中运行，不会损坏Mac。

Launch the App Store by clicking the icon in your dock, by clicking the Apple icon on your menu bar and select “App Store,” or by pressing Command+Spacebar and searching for it. Head to the “Updates” tab to see a list of available updates. You can opt to update each app individually, or click “Update All” instead.

通过单击停靠栏中的图标，单击菜单栏上的Apple图标并选择“ App Store”或按Command +空格键并进行搜索来启动App Store。 转到“更新”标签以查看可用更新的列表。 您可以选择单独更新每个应用，也可以单击“全部更新”。

If you want your Mac App Store apps to update automatically, launch the App Store, then click on “App Store” in the top-left corner of the screen. Choose “Preferences” and make sure “Automatic Updates” is enabled.

如果您希望Mac App Store应用程序自动更新，请启动App Store，然后单击屏幕左上角的“ App Store”。 选择“首选项”，并确保启用“自动更新”。

更新Mac App Store以外安装的应用程序 (Updating Apps Installed Outside of the Mac App Store)

Not all apps are available on the Mac App Store. If you have to install an app manually, it will need to be updated differently. Many apps include the ability to update themselves, like Google’s Chrome browser (which automatically installs the latest version) and Microsoft Office, which uses a separate application called “Microsoft AutoUpdate” to apply updates.

Mac App Store上并非所有应用程序都可用。 如果您必须手动安装应用程序，则需要进行其他更新。 许多应用程序都具有自我更新的功能，例如Google的Chrome浏览器(自动安装最新版本)和Microsoft Office，后者使用名为“ Microsoft AutoUpdate”的单独应用程序来应用更新。

Most apps will automatically check for updates and notify you. You can force a check by finding the relevant menu bar item. Where this is located depends on the app you’re using, but you can check:

大多数应用会自动检查更新并通知您。 您可以通过找到相关的菜单栏项来强制检查。 它的位置取决于您使用的应用程序，但是您可以检查：

• Under “App Name” in the menu bar, then “Check for Update”
  在菜单栏中的“应用名称”下，然后选择“检查更新”
• Under “App Name” choose “About [App Name]” then “Check for Update”
  在“应用名称”下，选择“关于[应用名称]”，然后选择“检查更新”
• Under “Help” in the menu bar, then “Check for Update”
  在菜单栏中的“帮助”下，然后选择“检查更新”
• Within the application itself. For example, in Chrome, click Chrome > About Google Chrome and use the updater here.
  在应用程序本身内。 例如，在Chrome中，点击Chrome>关于Google Chrome，然后在此处使用更新程序。
• Via a dedicated update application, like “Microsoft AutoUpdate” for Microsoft Office on Mac
  通过专用的更新应用程序，例如Mac上用于Microsoft Office的“ Microsoft AutoUpdate”

If an app doesn’t include the ability to update itself, you may need to update it manually. First find out what version of the app you are running by launching it, clicking “App Name” in the top-left corner of the screen then choosing “About [App Name].”

如果应用程序不具备自我更新功能，则可能需要手动更新。 首先，通过启动应用程序来查找正在运行的版本，单击屏幕左上角的“应用程序名称”，然后选择“关于[应用程序名称]”。

Now head to the app’s homepage and check to see if there’s a newer version of the app available. If so, download it. While the download completes navigate to your “Applications” folder and find the app in question. Drag the app icon to the Trash in your dock. Be aware you may lose some app data.

现在转到应用程序的主页，检查是否有可用的较新版本。 如果是这样，请下载它。 下载完成后，导航到“ Applications”文件夹，找到有问题的应用程序。 将应用程序图标拖到扩展坞中的垃圾箱。 请注意，您可能会丢失一些应用程序数据。

Now, install the app as you would normally.

现在， 像平常一样安装应用程序 。

如何更新Mac系统工具和驱动程序 (How to Update Mac System Tools and Drivers)

Generally speaking, you don’t need to worry about drivers if you’re using a Mac. Apple detects your hardware and provides you with the latest updates for your particular configuration. The exception is third-party drivers and system tools.

一般来说，如果您使用的是Mac，则无需担心驱动程序。 Apple检测到您的硬件并为您的特定配置提供最新更新。 第三方驱动程序和系统工具除外。

You might have a third party driver installed if you use a product like Paragon NTFS, which enables full write access to NTFS-formatted drives. These tools often install a kernel extension and an icon in System Preferences, usually at the bottom of the screen.

如果您使用Paragon NTFS之类的产品，则可能安装了第三方驱动程序，该产品可以对NTFS格式的驱动器进行完全写访问 。 这些工具通常在屏幕底部的“系统偏好设置”中安装内核扩展和图标。

If you have any such system tools or third-party drivers installed, look for the tweak under System Preferences. There should be an option to “Check for Updates” or “Update Now.” You will likely need to authorize any changes using your admin password, then restart your Mac for changes to take effect.

如果您安装了任何此类系统工具或第三方驱动程序，请在“系统偏好设置”下查找调整项。 应该有一个“检查更新”或“立即更新”的选项。 您可能需要使用管理员密码授权所有更改，然后重新启动Mac才能使更改生效。

如何更新Safari扩展 (How to Update Safari Extensions)

If you have installed any Safari Extensions (like the Evernote Web Clipper or Grammarly) from the Safari Extension Gallery (macOS 10.13 or earlier) or the Mac App Store (macOS 10.14 or later), updates will be installed automatically.

如果您从Safari扩展程序库(macOS 10.13或更早版本)或Mac App Store(macOS 10.14或更高版本)中安装了任何Safari扩展程序(例如Evernote Web Clipper或Grammarly)，则更新将自动安装。

If you’ve installed a Safari extension manually from another source, you’ll need to update it manually. To do this launch Safari, click “Safari” in the top-left corner of the screen followed by “Preferences.” If there are any updates available, they will appear in the lower-left corner of the window. Click “Update” next to each item as required.

如果您是从其他来源手动安装的Safari扩展程序，则需要手动更新。 为此，请在屏幕的左上角单击“ Safari”，然后单击“首选项”。 如果有可用的更新，它们将出现在窗口的左下角。 根据需要单击每个项目旁边的“更新”。

Outdated Safari extensions can put your Mac at risk. Make sure you disable any outdated extensions for which no updates exist. It’s safe to assume an extension is outdated if it is no longer being maintained—for example, if it has not received updates in over a year. You will find this information on the extension’s website.  Disable an extension by unchecking the box next to it under Safari Preferences > Extensions.

过时的Safari扩展程序可能会使您的Mac面临风险。 确保禁用所有不存在更新的过时扩展名。 可以肯定的是，如果不再维护扩展名(例如，超过一年未收到更新)，则已过时。 您可以在扩展程序的网站上找到此信息。 在Safari偏好设置>扩展程序下取消选中扩展程序旁边的复选框，以禁用该扩展程序。

使用自制软件更新应用 (Update Apps with Homebrew)

Homebrew is a package distribution system for macOS that allows you to install apps via the command line (Terminal). Any apps you install via Homebrew can be updated with a single command. You’ll need to install the Homebrew version of the app for this to work.

Homebrew是用于macOS的软件包分发系统，允许您通过命令行(终端)安装应用程序。 您可以通过单个命令来更新通过Homebrew安装的所有应用。 您需要安装该应用程序的Homebrew版本，此功能才能起作用。

First, you must install Homebrew on your Mac. You can then use Terminal to search for apps to install using the following command:

首先，您必须在Mac上安装Homebrew 。 然后，您可以使用以下命令使用终端搜索要安装的应用程序：

brew search office

brew search office

This will search for any packages that match the search term “office.” You install any relevant packages you find using the following command:

这将搜索与搜索词“ office”匹配的所有包裹。 您可以使用以下命令安装找到的所有相关软件包：

brew cask install libreoffice

brew cask install libreoffice

You can now run a single command to update apps installed via Homebrew:

现在，您可以运行一个命令来更新通过Homebrew安装的应用程序：

brew cask upgrade

brew cask upgrade

This won’t work for apps that have their own in-built updaters, like Google Chrome.

这不适用于拥有自己内置更新程序的应用程序，例如Google Chrome。

更新您的软件并保持安全 (Update Your Software and Stay Safe)

Where possible, enable automatic updates and make sure to create regular backups of your Mac for ultimate peace of mind. Take the time to upgrade your computer once a year to the latest version, but make sure all of your software is compatible before pulling the trigger.

如果可能，请启用自动更新，并确保为Mac定期创建备份，以最大程度地省心。 请花些时间每年将计算机升级到最新版本，但是在扣动扳机之前，请确保所有软件都兼容。

Installing software updates is the best thing you can do to ward off newly discovered security vulnerabilities. If you rely on an app that’s no longer being actively maintained, consider searching for an alternative that won’t put you at risk.

安装软件更新是您可以采取的最好措施，以防止新发现的安全漏洞。 如果您依赖不再维护的应用程序，请考虑寻找不会给您带来风险的替代方案。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/416434/how-to-keep-your-mac-and-apps-up-to-date/

mac应用删除显示更新