电话公司如何最终验证呼叫者ID号

Robocalls are a scourge, leaving many people unwilling or afraid to pick up their phone unless they know the caller. If you’re waiting for a job interview or support callback, this is incredibly stressful—but now phone carriers are helping.

无绳电话是一种祸害，许多人不愿或不敢接电话，除非他们认识来电者。 如果您正在等待工作面试或支持回电，这会带来极大的压力，但现在电话运营商正在提供帮助。

新标准将揭露欺骗 (New Standards Will Unmask Spoofing)

If you have T-Mobile service and a Galaxy S9, soon you will start seeing “Caller Verified” when calls arrive, if T-Mobile can verify the caller ID matches the real phone number. The Caller Verified message means that the call originated from T-Mobile, and they can confirm that no spoofing or intercepting occurred in placing the call.

如果您具有T-Mobile服务和Galaxy S9，则只要T-Mobile可以验证呼叫者ID与真实电话号码匹配，您很快就会在呼叫到达时看到“已验证呼叫者”。 呼叫者已验证消息表示该呼叫源自T-Mobile，并且他们可以确认在放置呼叫时没有发生欺骗或拦截。

Verifying calls relies on a new standard called STIR (Secure Telephone Identity Revisited) and SHAKEN (Signature-based Handling of Asserted information using toKENs). Not to be confused with martini preparation directions, STIR/SHAKEN will allow phone carriers to determine if the number a call identifies with is real. Current caller ID technology doesn’t have any method to determine if the information provided is accurate and STIR/SHAKEN will solve that problem.

验证呼叫依赖于称为STIR(重新访问安全电话身份)和SHAKEN(使用toKEN的基于签名的确认信息处理)新标准。 不要与马提尼酒的制备说明相混淆， STIR / SHAKEN可使电话运营商确定呼叫标识的号码是否真实。 当前的呼叫者ID技术没有任何方法可以确定所提供的信息是否准确，STIR / SHAKEN将解决该问题。

And as other carriers implement STIR/SHAKEN, they will work together so that phone calls verification occurs even when they come from a different carrier.

随着其他运营商实施STIR / SHAKEN，它们将一起工作，以便即使来自其他运营商的电话也可以进行电话验证。

Additionally, T-Mobile, Verizon, and others are already offering blocking services that rely on crowdsourced blacklists. Robocaller blocking has been free on AT&T since 2016, free on T-Mobile since early 2017, and now Verizon has announced they will no longer charge for call filtering starting next March.

此外，T-Mobile，Verizon和其他公司已经提供了依赖众包黑名单的阻止服务。 自2016年以来， AT＆T已免费提供Robocaller阻止功能，自2017年初以来，其T-Mobile免费提供了Robocaller阻止功能，现在Verizon宣布将从明年3月开始不再收取呼叫过滤费用。

Noyna/Shutterstock Noyna /快门

您可能已经有一些垃圾邮件阻止功能(You May Already Have Some Spam Blocking)

Crowdsource based spam blocking software is already ubiquitous, and chances are you can either subscribe to it from your carrier or download an app for your phone that will achieve the same goal. But the new STIR/SHAKEN standard will take longer to implement fully.

基于Crowdsource的垃圾邮件阻止软件已经无处不在，您可以从运营商那里订阅它，也可以为您的手机下载一个可以实现相同目标的应用程序。 但是新的STIR / SHAKEN标准将需要更长的时间才能完全实施。

If you have T-Mobile and a Galaxy S9, you have the first stages of the technology right now and ‘more devices’ will receive STIR/SHAKEN in 2019. Meanwhile, Verizon and AT&T have promised to implement, but not specified an exact timeline beyond 2019. Sprint has made no such promises and instead questioned the cost and effectiveness.

如果您拥有T-Mobile和Galaxy S9，则您现在拥有该技术的第一阶段，“更多设备”将在2019年获得STIR / SHAKEN。同时， Verizon和AT＆T承诺实施，但未指定确切的时间表在2019年之后，Sprint没有做出任何此类承诺，而是质疑其成本和有效性。

Apple, Google, and other phone manufacturers haven’t commented on any plans to assist with the implementation of the standard. Microsoft supports SHAKEN/STIR and helped in its development. While they aren’t working on Windows Phone anymore, they do have an interest through Skype.

苹果，谷歌和其他手机制造商尚未评论任何有助于实施该标准的计划。 Microsoft支持SHAKEN / STIR，并帮助其开发。 尽管他们不再使用Windows Phone ，但他们确实对Skype感兴趣。

STIR / SHAKEN与HTTPS相似 (STIR/SHAKEN is Similar to HTTPS)

With STIR/SHAKEN in place, when a phone call is made the first thing it will do is attach a certificate that verifies the number assigned to the signal. Then as it passes along, that certificate is checked against an encrypted repository for validity. If everything matches up correctly, the service marks the call as verified. When it doesn’t, then the carrier knows the number is potential spoofing.

有了STIR / SHAKEN，拨打电话时，要做的第一件事就是附上证书，以验证分配给信号的号码。 然后，随着证书的传递，将针对加密存储库检查该证书的有效性。 如果一切正确匹配，则该服务会将呼叫标记为已验证。 如果不是，则运营商知道该号码是潜在的欺骗。

What the phone carriers do next is their decision. They can mark the call as verified when appropriate, or show a possible scam message, or block the call.

电话运营商下一步要做的就是他们的决定。 他们可以在适当的时候将呼叫标记为已验证，或者显示可能的骗局消息，或者阻止呼叫。

If this sounds familiar, that’s because the process is very similar to how secure certificates work on web browsers. This also demonstrates a significant downside. Just as a security certificate doesn’t mean a website is safe, a verified caller message doesn’t prove the phone call isn’t a robocaller.

如果听起来很熟悉，那是因为该过程与安全证书在Web浏览器上的工作过程非常相似。 这也显示出很大的缺点。 正如安全证书并不意味着网站是安全的一样，经过验证的呼叫者消息也不能证明电话不是robocaller。

If the robocaller calls from a legitimate number that they purchased without any spoofing, then the call will show as verified. Hopefully, crowdsourced lists and blocking will finally become useful at this point, as the robocaller won’t just change their number with every call.

如果robocaller从他们购买的合法号码进行呼叫而没有任何欺骗，则该呼叫将显示为已验证。 希望众包列表和阻止程序最终将在这一点上变得有用，因为robocaller不仅会在每次通话时更改其号码。

Kostenko Maxim/Shutterstock 科斯滕科(Kostenko)Maxim / Shutterstock

如何立即阻止垃圾邮件 (How to Block Spam Calls, Right Now)

If you aren’t using a Galaxy S9 on T-Mobile, and you don’t want to wait on Verizon to offer their service free, there are options you can use today. You could subscribe to Verizon’s call filtering service until Verizon makes it free.

如果您不在T-Mobile上使用Galaxy S9，并且不想等待Verizon免费提供其服务，则可以立即使用某些选项。 您可以订阅Verizon的呼叫过滤服务，直到Verizon免费。

You can join the Do Not Call list for what it’s worth—which doesn’t seem to be much these days—and block numbers individually. On iPhones, you can download an app like Hiya that crowdsources blacklists to identify scammers, which you can then either flag or block. On Android, you have built-in options, and you can also use a similar app like Mr.Number or Truecaller.

您可以加入“不要拨打电话”列表，以获取其价值(如今似乎不多了)，并分别阻止号码。 在iPhone上，您可以下载诸如Hiya之类的应用，该应用将黑名单众包以识别骗子，然后您可以标记或阻止。 在Android上，您具有内置选项，还可以使用类似Mr.Number或Truecaller的应用程序。

These crowdsource blacklist apps can block legitimate calls, unfortunately, so keep that in mind if you frequently receive calls from unknown numbers.

不幸的是，这些众包黑名单应用程序可以阻止合法呼叫，因此如果您经常收到来自未知号码的呼叫，请记住这一点。

这只是和平的一种手段 (This is Only a Measure of Peace)

Unfortunately, true freedom from spam calls is entirely dependent on the carriers to solve the problem. Until now they’ve been more than willing to put through these calls, placing the blame on others and existing laws.

不幸的是，真正摆脱垃圾邮件的呼叫完全取决于运营商来解决问题。 到目前为止，他们一直乐于接受这些呼吁，将责任归咎于其他法律和现行法律。

The FCC called them out on this, and that has made a difference. But until the cost to make scam calls is higher than the profits derived from them, spam callers will keep trying and hope you answer. Until better solutions arrive, the best thing you can do is ignore the calls.

FCC要求他们这样做，这有所作为。 但是，直到进行诈骗电话的费用高于从中获得的利润之前，垃圾邮件发出者会继续尝试并希望您回答。 在找到更好的解决方案之前，您能做的最好的事情就是忽略呼叫。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/402141/how-phone-companies-are-finally-verifying-caller-id-numbers/