python列表索引查找_在Python中给定包含该项目的列表的情况下查找项目的索引

python列表索引查找

Python provides an inbuilt function called index(), which iterates through a list for an element within the start and end range of the list and returns the index of the specified element.

Python提供了一个称为index()的内置函数，该函数遍历列表的开头和结尾范围内的元素的列表，并返回指定元素的索引 。

Syntax:

句法：

    list.index(x[, start[, end]])

The index() returns zero-based index in the list of the first item whose value is equal to x and raises a ValueError if there is no such item.

index()在值等于x的第一项列表中返回从零开始的索引，如果没有该项，则引发ValueError 。

Arguments:

参数：

• x = item whose lowest index will be returned

  x =将返回其最低索引的项目

• start and end (optional) = used to limit the search to a particular subsequence of the list

  开始和结束 (可选)=用于将搜索限制到列表的特定子序列

Example Implementation

示例实施

Scenario 1: retrieve index without providing optional arguments

方案1：在不提供可选参数的情况下检索索引

-bash-4.2$ python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 25 2019, 21:02:35)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> test_list = ['bangalore','chennai','mangalore','vizag','delhi']
>>> print(test_list.index('bangalore'))
0
>>> test_list_1 = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> print(test_list_1.index(4))
3

Scenario 2: retrieve index, providing the start and end limit

方案2：检索索引，提供开始和结束限制

-bash-4.2$ python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 25 2019, 21:02:35)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> test_list = ['bangalore','chennai','mangalore','vizag','delhi']
#finds the item 'bangalore' only within 0th to 3rd element in list and returns the index
>>> print(test_list.index('bangalore',0,3))
0


#finds the item 'bangalore' only within 1st to 3rd element in list and returns the index, and since the item 'bangalore' is not in that range, we get the exception
>>> print(test_list.index('bangalore',1,3))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: 'bangalore' is not in list
>>>

Scenario 3: Demonstrating the ValueError

方案3：演示ValueError

Python 3.6.8 (default, Apr 25 2019, 21:02:35)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> test_list = ['bangalore','chennai','mangalore','vizag','delhi']
>>> print(test_list.index('bhopal'))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: 'bhopal' is not in list
>>>

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/python/find-the-index-of-an-item-given-a-list-containing-it.aspx

python列表索引查找